Leviticus 16:8

Authorized King James Version

And Aaron shall cast lots upon the two goats; one lot for the LORD, and the other lot for the scapegoat.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְנָתַ֧ן
shall cast
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#2
אַֽהֲרֹ֛ן
And Aaron
aharon, the brother of moses
#3
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#4
שְׁנֵ֥י
upon the two
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
#5
הַשְּׂעִירִ֖ם
goats
shaggy; as noun, a he-goat; by analogy, a faun
#6
וְגוֹרָ֥ל
lot
properly, a pebble, i.e., a lot (small stones being used for that purpose); figuratively, a portion or destiny (as if determined by lot)
#7
וְגוֹרָ֥ל
lot
properly, a pebble, i.e., a lot (small stones being used for that purpose); figuratively, a portion or destiny (as if determined by lot)
#8
אֶחָ֖ד
and the other
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first
#9
לַֽיהוָ֔ה
for the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#10
וְגוֹרָ֥ל
lot
properly, a pebble, i.e., a lot (small stones being used for that purpose); figuratively, a portion or destiny (as if determined by lot)
#11
אֶחָ֖ד
and the other
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first
#12
לַֽעֲזָאזֵֽל׃
for the scapegoat
goat of departure; the scapegoat

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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