Leviticus 16:10

Authorized King James Version

But the goat, on which the lot fell to be the scapegoat, shall be presented alive before the LORD, to make an atonement with him, and to let him go for a scapegoat into the wilderness.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְהַשָּׂעִ֗יר
But the goat
shaggy; as noun, a he-goat; by analogy, a faun
#2
אֲשֶׁר֩
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#3
עָלָ֨ה
fell
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
#4
עָלָ֤יו
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#5
הַגּוֹרָל֙
on which the lot
properly, a pebble, i.e., a lot (small stones being used for that purpose); figuratively, a portion or destiny (as if determined by lot)
#6
לַֽעֲזָאזֵ֖ל
for a scapegoat
goat of departure; the scapegoat
#7
יָֽעֳמַד
shall be presented
to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)
#8
חַ֛י
alive
alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or livin
#9
לִפְנֵ֥י
before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#10
יְהוָ֖ה
the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#11
לְכַפֵּ֣ר
to make an atonement
to cover (specifically with bitumen)
#12
עָלָ֑יו
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#13
לְשַׁלַּ֥ח
with him and to let him go
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
#14
אֹת֛וֹ
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#15
לַֽעֲזָאזֵ֖ל
for a scapegoat
goat of departure; the scapegoat
#16
הַמִּדְבָּֽרָה׃
into the wilderness
a pasture (i.e., open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert

Analysis

Within the broader context of Leviticus, this passage highlights salvation through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Leviticus.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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