Lamentations 3:39

Authorized King James Version

Wherefore doth a living man complain, a man for the punishment of his sins?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
מַה
properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and
#2
יִּתְאוֹנֵן֙
complain
to mourn, i.e., complain
#3
אָדָ֣ם
man
ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
#4
חָ֔י
Wherefore doth a living
alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or livin
#5
גֶּ֖בֶר
a man
properly, a valiant man or warrior; generally, a person simply
#6
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#7
חֲטָאָֽו׃
for the punishment of his sins
a crime or its penalty

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Lamentations Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection