Judges 18:8

Authorized King James Version

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And they came unto their brethren to Zorah and Eshtaol: and their brethren said unto them, What say ye?

Original Language Analysis

וַיָּבֹ֙אוּ֙ And they came H935
וַיָּבֹ֙אוּ֙ And they came
Strong's: H935
Word #: 1 of 10
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 2 of 10
near, with or among; often in general, to
אֲחֵיהֶ֖ם and their brethren H251
אֲחֵיהֶ֖ם and their brethren
Strong's: H251
Word #: 3 of 10
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])
צָרְעָ֖ה to Zorah H6881
צָרְעָ֖ה to Zorah
Strong's: H6881
Word #: 4 of 10
tsorah, a place in palestine
וְאֶשְׁתָּאֹ֑ל and Eshtaol H847
וְאֶשְׁתָּאֹ֑ל and Eshtaol
Strong's: H847
Word #: 5 of 10
eshtaol, a place in palestine
וַיֹּֽאמְר֥וּ said H559
וַיֹּֽאמְר֥וּ said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 6 of 10
to say (used with great latitude)
לָהֶ֛ם H0
לָהֶ֛ם
Strong's: H0
Word #: 7 of 10
אֲחֵיהֶ֖ם and their brethren H251
אֲחֵיהֶ֖ם and their brethren
Strong's: H251
Word #: 8 of 10
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])
מָ֥ה H4100
מָ֥ה
Strong's: H4100
Word #: 9 of 10
properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and
אַתֶּֽם׃ H859
אַתֶּֽם׃
Strong's: H859
Word #: 10 of 10
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you

Analysis & Commentary

And they came unto their brethren to Zorah and Eshtaol: and their brethren said unto them, What say ye? The spies returned to their tribal base to report findings. The question "What say ye?" (mah attem, מָה אַתֶּם) expresses eager anticipation—the tribe awaited the reconnaissance report that would determine their future. This moment parallels Israel's reception of the twelve spies' report in Numbers 13-14, though with opposite outcome. At Kadesh-barnea, ten spies counseled fear and unbelief despite God's promise; two (Joshua and Caleb) counseled faith and obedience. Here, the five Danite spies will unanimously recommend abandoning God's assigned territory for easier conquest elsewhere.

The setting—Zorah and Eshtaol—emphasizes the irony. These were established Danite towns in good territory (Joshua 19:41), proving Dan had successfully settled portions of their allotment. Rather than building on partial success to complete the conquest God commanded, they chose wholesale abandonment for perceived easier gains. From a Reformed perspective, this illustrates the temptation to abandon God's difficult assignments when partial progress seems insufficient. Sanctification requires perseverance through difficulty (Romans 5:3-5, James 1:2-4), not perpetual seeking of easier paths.

Historical Context

Zorah and Eshtaol were located in the Shephelah (lowlands) on the border between Danite and Philistine territory. Zorah was Samson's hometown (Judges 13:2), and both cities feature in his narrative (Judges 13:25, 16:31), showing they remained Danite even after the northern migration. Archaeological surveys suggest the Shephelah experienced settlement growth during the early Iron Age, indicating Israelites were successfully establishing themselves despite Philistine pressure. Dan's choice to abandon this territory was thus unnecessary—with faith and perseverance, they could have possessed their full inheritance.

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