Judges 18:7

Authorized King James Version

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Then the five men departed, and came to Laish, and saw the people that were therein, how they dwelt careless, after the manner of the Zidonians, quiet and secure; and there was no magistrate in the land, that might put them to shame in any thing; and they were far from the Zidonians, and had no business with any man.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙ H1980
וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 1 of 30
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת Then the five H2568
חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת Then the five
Strong's: H2568
Word #: 2 of 30
five
הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים H376
הָֽאֲנָשִׁ֔ים
Strong's: H376
Word #: 3 of 30
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ and came H935
וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ and came
Strong's: H935
Word #: 4 of 30
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
לָ֑יְשָׁה to Laish H3919
לָ֑יְשָׁה to Laish
Strong's: H3919
Word #: 5 of 30
laish, the name of two places in palestine
וַיִּרְא֣וּ and saw H7200
וַיִּרְא֣וּ and saw
Strong's: H7200
Word #: 6 of 30
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 7 of 30
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
הָעָ֣ם the people H5971
הָעָ֣ם the people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 8 of 30
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
אֲשֶׁר H834
אֲשֶׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 9 of 30
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
בְּקִרְבָּ֣הּ that were therein H7130
בְּקִרְבָּ֣הּ that were therein
Strong's: H7130
Word #: 10 of 30
properly, the nearest part, i.e., the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)
יוֹשֶֽׁבֶת how they dwelt H3427
יוֹשֶֽׁבֶת how they dwelt
Strong's: H3427
Word #: 11 of 30
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
לָ֠בֶטַח careless H983
לָ֠בֶטַח careless
Strong's: H983
Word #: 12 of 30
properly, a place of refuge; abstract, safety, both the fact (security) and the feeling (trust); often (adverb with or without preposition) safely
כְּמִשְׁפַּ֨ט after the manner H4941
כְּמִשְׁפַּ֨ט after the manner
Strong's: H4941
Word #: 13 of 30
properly, a verdict (favorable or unfavorable) pronounced judicially, especially a sentence or formal decree (human or (participant's) divine law, ind
מִצִּ֣ידֹנִ֔ים from the Zidonians H6722
מִצִּ֣ידֹנִ֔ים from the Zidonians
Strong's: H6722
Word #: 14 of 30
a tsidonian or inhabitant of tsidon
שֹׁקֵ֣ט׀ quiet H8252
שֹׁקֵ֣ט׀ quiet
Strong's: H8252
Word #: 15 of 30
to repose (usually figurative)
וּבֹטֵ֗חַ and secure H982
וּבֹטֵ֗חַ and secure
Strong's: H982
Word #: 16 of 30
properly, to hie for refuge (but not so precipitately as h2620); figuratively, to trust, be confident or sure
וְאֵין H369
וְאֵין
Strong's: H369
Word #: 17 of 30
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
מַכְלִ֨ים that might put them to shame H3637
מַכְלִ֨ים that might put them to shame
Strong's: H3637
Word #: 18 of 30
properly, to wound; but only figuratively, to taunt or insult
וְדָבָ֥ר and had no business H1697
וְדָבָ֥ר and had no business
Strong's: H1697
Word #: 19 of 30
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
בָּאָ֙רֶץ֙ in the land H776
בָּאָ֙רֶץ֙ in the land
Strong's: H776
Word #: 20 of 30
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
יוֹרֵ֣שׁ and there was no magistrate H3423
יוֹרֵ֣שׁ and there was no magistrate
Strong's: H3423
Word #: 21 of 30
to occupy (by driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place); by implication, to seize, to rob, to inherit; also to expel, to impoverish
עֶ֔צֶר H6114
עֶ֔צֶר
Strong's: H6114
Word #: 22 of 30
restraint
וּרְחוֹקִ֥ים and they were far H7350
וּרְחוֹקִ֥ים and they were far
Strong's: H7350
Word #: 23 of 30
remote, literally or figuratively, of place or time; specifically, precious; often used adverbially (with preposition)
הֵ֙מָּה֙ H1992
הֵ֙מָּה֙
Strong's: H1992
Word #: 24 of 30
they (only used when emphatic)
מִצִּ֣ידֹנִ֔ים from the Zidonians H6722
מִצִּ֣ידֹנִ֔ים from the Zidonians
Strong's: H6722
Word #: 25 of 30
a tsidonian or inhabitant of tsidon
וְדָבָ֥ר and had no business H1697
וְדָבָ֥ר and had no business
Strong's: H1697
Word #: 26 of 30
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
אֵין H369
אֵין
Strong's: H369
Word #: 27 of 30
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
לָהֶ֖ם H0
לָהֶ֖ם
Strong's: H0
Word #: 28 of 30
עִם H5973
עִם
Strong's: H5973
Word #: 29 of 30
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
אָדָֽם׃ with any man H120
אָדָֽם׃ with any man
Strong's: H120
Word #: 30 of 30
ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)

Analysis & Commentary

Then the five men departed, and came to Laish, and saw the people that were therein, how they dwelt careless, after the manner of the Zidonians, quiet and secure. Laish's vulnerability made it attractive target for conquest. The phrase "dwelt careless" (yoshevet labetach, יֹשֶׁבֶת לָבֶטַח) indicates they lived "securely" or "confidently," without fear of attack. "After the manner of the Zidonians" (kemishpat Tsidonim, כְּמִשְׁפַּט צִדֹנִים) suggests Phoenician customs, including prosperity, complacency, and possibly Baal worship. The terms "quiet and secure" (shoket u-voteiach, שֹׁקֵט וּבֹטֵחַ) emphasize peaceful, prosperous life without military preparedness.

The statement "there was no magistrate in the land, that might put them to shame in any thing" is difficult Hebrew, possibly indicating no strong ruler to organize defense or administer justice. "They were far from the Zidonians, and had no business with any man" explains their vulnerability—geographically isolated from their mother city (Sidon) and lacking defensive alliances. From a military perspective, Laish was ideal prey: wealthy, undefended, isolated. Yet this wasn't the territory God had given Dan. The ease of conquest doesn't validate disobedience. From a Reformed perspective, Satan often makes sin appear attractive and consequence-free (Genesis 3:4-6), but apparent ease doesn't indicate God's approval.

Historical Context

Laish (later renamed Dan) was located in the fertile Huleh Valley near the Jordan River headwaters, approximately 30 miles north of the Sea of Galilee. This northern location made it distant from Sidon (about 30-40 miles west), explaining the lack of immediate military support. Archaeological excavations at Tel Dan confirm a prosperous Canaanite city destroyed and rebuilt during the late Bronze/early Iron Age transition, consistent with the biblical narrative. The city's isolation and wealth made it attractive to landless groups seeking territory. The Phoenician connection suggests Laish was a trading outpost maintaining Sidonian culture but lacking military protection.

Questions for Reflection

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