Judges 14:19

Authorized King James Version

And the Spirit of the LORD came upon him, and he went down to Ashkelon, and slew thirty men of them, and took their spoil, and gave change of garments unto them which expounded the riddle. And his anger was kindled, and he went up to his father's house.

Word-by-Word Analysis

וַתִּצְלַ֨ח

H6743

came

to push forward, in various senses (literal or figurative, transitive or intransitive)

עָלָ֜יו

H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

ר֣וּחַ

H7307

And the Spirit

wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the

יְהוָ֗ה

H3068

of the LORD

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

וַיֵּ֨רֶד

H3381

upon him and he went down

to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau

אַשְׁקְל֜וֹן

H831

to Ashkelon

ashkelon, a place in palestine

וַיַּ֥ךְ

H5221

and slew

to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)

מֵהֶ֣ם׀

H1992

they (only used when emphatic)

שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים

H7970

thirty

thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth

#10

אִ֗ישׁ

H376

men

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

#11

וַיִּקַּח֙

H3947

of them and took

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

#12

אֶת

H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

#13

חֲלִ֣יצוֹתָ֔ם

H2488

their spoil

spoil

#14

וַיִּתֵּן֙

H5414

and gave

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

#15

הַֽחֲלִיפ֔וֹת

H2487

change

alternation

#16

לְמַגִּידֵ֖י

H5046

of garments unto them which expounded

properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to

#17

הַֽחִידָ֑ה

H2420

the riddle

a puzzle, hence, a trick, conundrum, sententious maxim

#18

וַיִּ֣חַר

H2734

was kindled

to glow or grow warm; figuratively (usually) to blaze up, of anger, zeal, jealousy

#19

אַפּ֔וֹ

H639

And his anger

properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ire

#20

וַיַּ֖עַל

H5927

and he went up

to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative

#21

בֵּ֥ית

H1004

house

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

#22

אָבִֽיהוּ׃

to his father's

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Judges. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

How does the salvation theme in this verse connect to the overarching narrative of Scripture, and what does this reveal about God's character and purposes?
What practical applications emerge from understanding salvation as presented in this verse, particularly in light of addressing questions of religious pluralism and the exclusivity of Christ?
In what ways does understanding divine sovereignty in its original context challenge or deepen contemporary Christian thinking about salvation?

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