John 2:20

Authorized King James Version

Then said the Jews, Forty and six years was this temple in building, and wilt thou rear it up in three days?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
εἶπον
said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#2
οὖν
Then
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
#3
οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
Ἰουδαῖοι
the Jews
judaean, i.e., belonging to jehudah
#5
τεσσαράκοντα
Forty
forty
#6
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#7
ἓξ
six
six
#8
ἔτεσιν
years
a year
#9
ᾠκοδομήθη
in building
to be a house-builder, i.e., construct or (figuratively) confirm
#10
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#11
ναὸς
temple
a fane, shrine, temple
#12
οὗτος
this
the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)
#13
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#14
σὺ
thou
thou
#15
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#16
τρισὶν
three
"three"
#17
ἡμέραις
days
day, i.e., (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several days were usually reckoned by the jews as inclusive of
#18
ἐγερεῖς
rear
to waken (transitively or intransitively), i.e., rouse (literally, from sleep, from sitting or lying, from disease, from death; or figuratively, from
#19
αὐτόν
it
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on divine love particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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