John 18:21

Authorized King James Version

Why askest thou me? ask them which heard me, what I have said unto them: behold, they know what I said.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
τί
Why
an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)
#2
με
me
me
#3
ἐπερώτησον
ask
to ask for, i.e., inquire, seek
#4
ἐπερώτησον
ask
to ask for, i.e., inquire, seek
#5
τοὺς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
ἀκηκοότας
them which heard me
to hear (in various senses)
#7
τί
Why
an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)
#8
ἐλάλησα
I have said
to talk, i.e., utter words
#9
αὐτοῖς·
unto them
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#10
οἴδασιν
know
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl
#11
οὗτοι
they
the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)
#12
οἴδασιν
know
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl
#13
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
#14
εἶπον
said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#15
ἐγώ
what I
i, me

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of divine love within the theological tradition of John Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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