John 12:21

Authorized King James Version

The same came therefore to Philip, which was of Bethsaida of Galilee, and desired him, saying, Sir, we would see Jesus.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
οὗτοι
The same
the he (she or it), i.e., this or that (often with article repeated)
#2
οὖν
therefore
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
#3
προσῆλθον
came
to approach, i.e., (literally) come near, visit, or (figuratively) worship, assent to
#4
Φιλίππῳ
to Philip
fond of horses; philippus, the name of four israelites
#5
τῷ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
ἀπὸ
which was of
"off," i.e., away (from something near), in various senses (of place, time, or relation; literal or figurative)
#7
Βηθσαϊδὰ
Bethsaida
fishing-house; bethsaida, a place in palestine
#8
τῆς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
Γαλιλαίας
of Galilee
galilaea (i.e., the heathen circle), a region of palestine
#10
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#11
ἠρώτων
desired
to interrogate; by implication, to request
#12
αὐτὸν
him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#13
λέγοντες
saying
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#14
Κύριε
Sir
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
#15
θέλομεν
we would
to determine (as an active option from subjective impulse; whereas g1014 properly denotes rather a passive acquiescence in objective considerations),
#16
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#17
Ἰησοῦν
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#18
ἰδεῖν
see
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl

Analysis

The divine love theme here intersects with God's covenantal faithfulness demonstrated throughout salvation history. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation from covenant love in the Old Testament to agape love in the New. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about hesed in the Old Testament and agape in the New Testament.

Historical Context

The historical context of the late first century during increasing tension between synagogue and church provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The late first-century Jewish-Christian tensions and Hellenistic thought would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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