Job 42:3

Authorized King James Version

Who is he that hideth counsel without knowledge? therefore have I uttered that I understood not; things too wonderful for me, which I knew not.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
מִ֤י
who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix
#2
זֶ֨ה׀
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
#3
מַעְלִ֥ים
Who is he that hideth
to veil from sight, i.e., conceal (literally or figuratively)
#4
עֵצָ֗ה
counsel
advice; by implication, plan; also prudence
#5
בְּֽלִ֫י
properly, failure, i.e., nothing or destruction; usually (with preposition) without, not yet, because not, as long as, etc
#6
דָ֥עַת
without knowledge
knowledge
#7
לָכֵ֣ן
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
#8
הִ֭גַּדְתִּי
therefore have I uttered
properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to
#9
וְלֹ֣א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#10
אָבִ֑ין
that I understood
to separate mentally (or distinguish), i.e., (generally) understand
#11
נִפְלָא֥וֹת
not things too wonderful
properly, perhaps to separate, i.e., distinguish (literally or figuratively); by implication, to be (causatively, make) great, difficult, wonderful
#12
מִ֝מֶּ֗נִּי
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
#13
וְלֹ֣א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#14
אֵדָֽע׃
for me which I knew
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection