Job 29:23

Authorized King James Version

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And they waited for me as for the rain; and they opened their mouth wide as for the latter rain.

Original Language Analysis

וְיִֽחֲל֣וּ And they waited H3176
וְיִֽחֲל֣וּ And they waited
Strong's: H3176
Word #: 1 of 6
to wait; by implication, to be patient, hope
כַמָּטָ֣ר for me as for the rain H4306
כַמָּטָ֣ר for me as for the rain
Strong's: H4306
Word #: 2 of 6
rain
לִ֑י H0
לִ֑י
Strong's: H0
Word #: 3 of 6
וּ֝פִיהֶ֗ם their mouth H6310
וּ֝פִיהֶ֗ם their mouth
Strong's: H6310
Word #: 4 of 6
the mouth (as the means of blowing), whether literal or figurative (particularly speech); specifically edge, portion or side; adverbially (with prepos
פָּעֲר֥וּ and they opened H6473
פָּעֲר֥וּ and they opened
Strong's: H6473
Word #: 5 of 6
to yawn, i.e., open wide (literally or figuratively)
לְמַלְקֽוֹשׁ׃ wide as for the latter rain H4456
לְמַלְקֽוֹשׁ׃ wide as for the latter rain
Strong's: H4456
Word #: 6 of 6
the spring rain; figuratively, eloquence

Analysis & Commentary

They waited for me as for the rain (וְיִחֲלוּ כַמָּטָר לִי, veyichalu chamatar li)—Yachal (waited) with matar (rain) creates the image of farmers scanning the sky with eager anticipation. In Palestine's climate, rain meant survival; its absence meant famine. Job's counsel was awaited with the same life-or-death urgency.

Opened their mouth wide as for the latter rain (וּפִיהֶם פָּעֲרוּ לְמַלְקוֹשׁ, ufihem pa'aru lemalkosh)—Pa'ar (opened wide) suggests gaping or opening to maximum capacity, used of the earth opening to swallow Korah (Numbers 16:32). The malkosh (latter rain) fell in March-April, crucial for ripening grain before harvest. People absorbed Job's words as thirsty ground drinks in the spring rains (compare Zechariah 10:1). This verse intensifies verse 22's gentle dew into the season's critical downpour.

Historical Context

Israel's agricultural calendar depended on two rainy seasons: the early rains (October-November) for plowing and planting, and the latter rains (March-April) for crop maturation before the dry summer. The latter rain was especially critical—its failure meant crop failure regardless of the early rains' success. James 5:7 uses this same agricultural pattern to teach patient waiting. Job's listeners understood this existential dependence.

Questions for Reflection