Job 12:16

Authorized King James Version

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With him is strength and wisdom: the deceived and the deceiver are his.

Original Language Analysis

עִ֭מּוֹ H5973
עִ֭מּוֹ
Strong's: H5973
Word #: 1 of 6
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
עֹ֣ז With him is strength H5797
עֹ֣ז With him is strength
Strong's: H5797
Word #: 2 of 6
strength in various applications (force, security, majesty, praise)
וְתֽוּשִׁיָּ֑ה and wisdom H8454
וְתֽוּשִׁיָּ֑ה and wisdom
Strong's: H8454
Word #: 3 of 6
support or (by implication) ability, i.e., (direct) help, (in purpose) an undertaking, (intellectual) understanding
ל֝֗וֹ H0
ל֝֗וֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 4 of 6
שֹׁגֵ֥ג the deceived H7683
שֹׁגֵ֥ג the deceived
Strong's: H7683
Word #: 5 of 6
to stray, i.e., (figuratively) sin (with more or less apology)
וּמַשְׁגֶּֽה׃ and the deceiver H7686
וּמַשְׁגֶּֽה׃ and the deceiver
Strong's: H7686
Word #: 6 of 6
to stray (causatively, mislead), usually (figuratively) to mistake, especially (morally) to transgress; by extension (through the idea of intoxication

Analysis & Commentary

'With him is strength and wisdom: the deceived and the deceiver are his.' Job affirms God possesses both 'strength' (עֹז, oz—might, power) and 'wisdom' (תּוּשִׁיָּה, tushiyyah—sound wisdom, abiding success). But shockingly, both 'deceived' (שֹׁגֵג, shogeg—erring one) and 'deceiver' (מַשְׁגֶּה, mashgeh—one causing error) belong to God—are under His sovereignty. This isn't affirming moral equivalence but asserting comprehensive divine control. God's purposes incorporate even deception and error (1 Kings 22:19-23, 2 Thessalonians 2:11). This demonstrates sovereignty beyond simplistic moralism. The Reformed doctrine of providence affirms God ordains whatsoever comes to pass, including evil, without being evil's author. This mystery troubles those demanding simple answers.

Historical Context

Ancient Near Eastern theodicy struggled with divine sovereignty over evil. Job here boldly asserts what later Reformed theology would systematize: God's sovereign control extends even over deception, without making God a deceiver.

Questions for Reflection