Jeremiah 36:31

Authorized King James Version

And I will punish him and his seed and his servants for their iniquity; and I will bring upon them, and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and upon the men of Judah, all the evil that I have pronounced against them; but they hearkened not.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וּפָקַדְתִּ֨י
And I will punish
to visit (with friendly or hostile intent); by analogy, to oversee, muster, charge, care for, miss, deposit, etc
#2
עָלָ֧יו
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#3
וְעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#4
זַרְע֛וֹ
him and his seed
seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity
#5
וְעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#6
עֲבָדָ֖יו
and his servants
a servant
#7
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#8
עֲוֹנָ֑ם
for their iniquity
perversity, i.e., (moral) evil
#9
וְהֵבֵאתִ֣י
and I will bring
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#10
עֲ֠לֵיהֶם
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#11
וְעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#12
יֹשְׁבֵ֨י
upon them and upon the inhabitants
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
#13
יְרוּשָׁלִַ֜ם
of Jerusalem
jerushalaim or jerushalem, the capital city of palestine
#14
וְאֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#15
אִ֣ישׁ
and upon the men
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
#16
יְהוּדָ֗ה
of Judah
jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
#17
אֵ֧ת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#18
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#19
הָרָעָ֛ה
all the evil
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
#20
אֲשֶׁר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#21
דִּבַּ֥רְתִּי
that I have pronounced
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
#22
אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם
near, with or among; often in general, to
#23
וְלֹ֥א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#24
שָׁמֵֽעוּ׃
against them but they hearkened
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Jeremiah. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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