Jeremiah 19:15

Authorized King James Version

Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; Behold, I will bring upon this city and upon all her towns all the evil that I have pronounced against it, because they have hardened their necks, that they might not hear my words.

Word-by-Word Analysis

כֹּֽה

H3541

properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now

אָמַ֞ר

H559

Thus saith

to say (used with great latitude)

יְהוָ֤ה

H3068

the LORD

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

צְבָאוֹת֙

H6635

of hosts

a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (speci

אֱלֹהֵ֣י

H430

the God

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל

H3478

of Israel

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

הִנְנִ֨י

H2005

lo!; also (as expressing surprise) if

מֵבִ֜י

H935

Behold I will bring

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

אֶל

H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

#10

עָרֶ֔יהָ

H5892

and upon all her towns

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

#11

הַזֹּאת֙

H2063

this (often used adverb)

#12

וְעַל

H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

#13

כָּל

H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

#14

עָרֶ֔יהָ

H5892

and upon all her towns

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

#15

אֵ֚ת

H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

#16

כָּל

H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

#17

הָ֣רָעָ֔ה

H7451

all the evil

bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)

#18

אֲשֶׁ֥ר

H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

#19

דִּבַּ֖רְתִּי

H1696

that I have pronounced

perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue

#20

עָלֶ֑יהָ

H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

#21

כִּ֤י

H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

#22

הִקְשׁוּ֙

H7185

against it because they have hardened

properly, to be dense, i.e., tough or severe (in various applications)

#23

אֶת

H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

#24

עָרְפָּ֔ם

H6203

their necks

the nape or back of the neck (as declining); hence, the back generally (whether literal or figurative)

#25

לְבִלְתִּ֖י

H1115

properly, a failure of, i.e., (used only as a negative particle, usually with a prepositional prefix) not, except, without, unless, besides, because n

#26

שְׁמ֥וֹעַ

H8085

that they might not hear

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

#27

אֶת

H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

#28

דְּבָרָֽי׃

H1697

my words

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Jeremiah Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

How does this verse's literary context within Jeremiah chapter 19 illuminate its theological significance, and what does this teach us about biblical interpretation?
In what ways does understanding divine sovereignty in its original context challenge or deepen contemporary Christian thinking about salvation?
How might the original audience's understanding of divine sovereignty differ from modern interpretations, and what bridges can be built between ancient meaning and contemporary application?

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