Isaiah 57:9

Authorized King James Version

And thou wentest to the king with ointment, and didst increase thy perfumes, and didst send thy messengers far off, and didst debase thyself even unto hell.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַתָּשֻׁ֤רִי
And thou wentest
properly, to turn, i.e., travel about (as a harlot or a merchant)
#2
לַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙
to the king
a king
#3
בַּשֶּׁ֔מֶן
with ointment
grease, especially liquid (as from the olive, often perfumed); figuratively, richness
#4
וַתַּרְבִּ֖י
and didst increase
to increase (in whatever respect)
#5
רִקֻּחָ֑יִךְ
thy perfumes
a scented substance
#6
וַתְּשַׁלְּחִ֤י
and didst send
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
#7
צִרַ֙יִךְ֙
thy messengers
a throe (as a phys. or mental pressure)
#8
עַד
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
#9
מֵ֣רָחֹ֔ק
far off
remote, literally or figuratively, of place or time; specifically, precious; often used adverbially (with preposition)
#10
וַתַּשְׁפִּ֖ילִי
and didst debase
to depress or sink (especially figuratively, to humiliate, intransitive or transitive)
#11
עַד
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
#12
שְׁאֽוֹל׃
thyself even unto hell
hades or the world of the dead (as if a subterranean retreat), including its accessories and inmates

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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