Isaiah 5:22

Authorized King James Version

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Woe unto them that are mighty to drink wine, and men of strength to mingle strong drink:

Original Language Analysis

ה֕וֹי Woe H1945
ה֕וֹי Woe
Strong's: H1945
Word #: 1 of 8
oh!
גִּבּוֹרִ֖ים unto them that are mighty H1368
גִּבּוֹרִ֖ים unto them that are mighty
Strong's: H1368
Word #: 2 of 8
powerful; by implication, warrior, tyrant
לִשְׁתּ֣וֹת to drink H8354
לִשְׁתּ֣וֹת to drink
Strong's: H8354
Word #: 3 of 8
to imbibe (literally or figuratively)
יָ֑יִן wine H3196
יָ֑יִן wine
Strong's: H3196
Word #: 4 of 8
wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication
וְאַנְשֵׁי and men H582
וְאַנְשֵׁי and men
Strong's: H582
Word #: 5 of 8
properly, a mortal (and thus differing from the more dignified h0120); hence, a man in general (singly or collectively)
חַ֖יִל of strength H2428
חַ֖יִל of strength
Strong's: H2428
Word #: 6 of 8
probably a force, whether of men, means or other resources; an army, wealth, virtue, valor, strength
לִמְסֹ֥ךְ to mingle H4537
לִמְסֹ֥ךְ to mingle
Strong's: H4537
Word #: 7 of 8
to mix, especially wine (with spices)
שֵׁכָֽר׃ strong drink H7941
שֵׁכָֽר׃ strong drink
Strong's: H7941
Word #: 8 of 8
an intoxicant, i.e., intensely alcoholic liquor

Analysis & Commentary

Woe pronounced on those 'mighty to drink wine' and 'men of strength to mingle strong drink' satirizes misapplied valor—strength wasted on debauchery rather than righteousness. The ironic 'mighty' and 'strength' applied to drinking capacity mocks perverted values where prowess in vice replaces virtue. This anticipates Proverbs 23:29-35's warning against alcohol excess and Paul's command for sobriety rather than drunkenness (Ephesians 5:18).

Historical Context

Elite culture featured drinking as status symbol and social bonding. Isaiah condemns this indulgence, especially among leaders whose dissipation impaired judgment.

Questions for Reflection

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