Isaiah 21:17
And the residue of the number of archers, the mighty men of the children of Kedar, shall be diminished: for the LORD God of Israel hath spoken it.
Original Language Analysis
Cross References
Historical Context
Arabian military power was indeed broken by Assyrian campaigns. The mobile archer forces that made desert tribes formidable were systematically defeated by superior Assyrian organization and siege capabilities. While Arabian tribes continued existing, their regional power was permanently reduced. They never again posed the threat they had before Assyrian dominance. This demonstrates that military might divorced from divine blessing ultimately fails. Modern applications include recognition that all earthly powers exist contingently—God grants and removes power according to His purposes. The certainty formula ('the LORD God of Israel hath spoken it') authenticated the prophecy's divine origin. Its fulfillment validated Isaiah's entire prophetic ministry—if this specific, verifiable prediction proved true, his other prophecies (including Messianic ones) merited trust.
Questions for Reflection
- What does Kedar's military reduction teach about earthly power's contingent nature?
- How does the certainty formula ('the LORD hath spoken it') authenticate prophetic authority?
- Why does fulfillment of specific verifiable prophecies validate a prophet's entire message?
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Analysis & Commentary
'And the residue of the number of archers, the mighty men of the children of Kedar, shall be diminished: for the LORD God of Israel hath spoken it.' The survivors ('residue') of Kedar's warriors will be few—'diminished' indicates small remnant remaining. Archers were Arabia's characteristic military strength—mobile, deadly, adapted to desert warfare. Their reduction demonstrates comprehensive military defeat. The concluding formula 'for the LORD God of Israel hath spoken it' emphasizes divine authority and certainty—this isn't speculation but revealed decree. The title 'LORD God of Israel' reminds hearers this is Israel's covenant God pronouncing judgment on foreign nation, demonstrating His universal sovereignty. Though not in covenant with Kedar, God governs their fate, holding them accountable to His justice. This establishes that divine authority extends universally, not just to covenant community. All nations answer to God whether or not they acknowledge Him.