Isaiah 19:2

Authorized King James Version

PDF

And I will set the Egyptians against the Egyptians: and they shall fight every one against his brother, and every one against his neighbour; city against city, and kingdom against kingdom.

Original Language Analysis

וְסִכְסַכְתִּ֤י And I will set H5526
וְסִכְסַכְתִּ֤י And I will set
Strong's: H5526
Word #: 1 of 12
properly, to entwine as a screen; by implication, to fence in, cover over, (figuratively) protect
בְּמִצְרַ֔יִם against the Egyptians H4714
בְּמִצְרַ֔יִם against the Egyptians
Strong's: H4714
Word #: 2 of 12
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
בְּמִצְרַ֔יִם against the Egyptians H4714
בְּמִצְרַ֔יִם against the Egyptians
Strong's: H4714
Word #: 3 of 12
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
וְנִלְחֲמ֥וּ and they shall fight H3898
וְנִלְחֲמ֥וּ and they shall fight
Strong's: H3898
Word #: 4 of 12
to feed on; figuratively, to consume
וְאִ֣ישׁ and every one H376
וְאִ֣ישׁ and every one
Strong's: H376
Word #: 5 of 12
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
בְּאָחִ֖יו against his brother H251
בְּאָחִ֖יו against his brother
Strong's: H251
Word #: 6 of 12
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])
וְאִ֣ישׁ and every one H376
וְאִ֣ישׁ and every one
Strong's: H376
Word #: 7 of 12
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
בְּרֵעֵ֑הוּ against his neighbour H7453
בְּרֵעֵ֑הוּ against his neighbour
Strong's: H7453
Word #: 8 of 12
an associate (more or less close)
בְּעִ֔יר against city H5892
בְּעִ֔יר against city
Strong's: H5892
Word #: 9 of 12
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
בְּעִ֔יר against city H5892
בְּעִ֔יר against city
Strong's: H5892
Word #: 10 of 12
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
בְּמַמְלָכָֽה׃ against kingdom H4467
בְּמַמְלָכָֽה׃ against kingdom
Strong's: H4467
Word #: 11 of 12
dominion, i.e., (abstractly) the estate (rule) or (concretely) the country (realm)
בְּמַמְלָכָֽה׃ against kingdom H4467
בְּמַמְלָכָֽה׃ against kingdom
Strong's: H4467
Word #: 12 of 12
dominion, i.e., (abstractly) the estate (rule) or (concretely) the country (realm)

Analysis & Commentary

'And I will set the Egyptians against the Egyptians: and they shall fight every one against his brother, and every one against his neighbour; city against city, and kingdom against kingdom.' Divine judgment manifests as civil war—God withdrawing the common grace maintaining social cohesion, resulting in fratricidal conflict. The progression from individual ('brother...neighbour') to corporate ('city...kingdom') indicates comprehensive internal strife. This judgment pattern appears throughout Scripture—God often judges nations by removing unity, causing self-destruction (Judges 7:22; 2 Chronicles 20:23). Egypt will devour itself without external invasion needed. This demonstrates that social peace is a divine gift; its removal produces chaos. Reformed theology recognizes all good, including social harmony, derives from God's grace; judgment simply withdraws that grace, letting sin's natural consequences manifest.

Historical Context

Egyptian history between 8th-6th centuries BCE featured exactly this pattern: civil wars between rival dynasties, nomes (provinces) fighting each other, competing pharaohs, internal fragmentation. After the Ethiopian 25th Dynasty, Egypt experienced the Saite period, Persian conquests, more internal divisions, Ptolemaic conflicts, and eventual Roman absorption. The once-unified empire fragmented repeatedly. Archaeological evidence and ancient historians (Herodotus, Manetho) document these chaotic periods. The prophecy's fulfillment demonstrates God's sovereign control over even powerful empires—He can destroy them externally through invaders or internally through removing the grace maintaining cohesion.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People