Isaiah 18:4

Authorized King James Version

For so the LORD said unto me, I will take my rest, and I will consider in my dwelling place like a clear heat upon herbs, and like a cloud of dew in the heat of harvest.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
כִּי֩
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#2
כֹ֨ה
For so
properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
#3
אָמַ֤ר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#4
יְהוָה֙
the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#5
אֵלַ֔י
near, with or among; often in general, to
#6
אֶשְׁקֳוטָ֖ה
unto me I will take my rest
to repose (usually figurative)
#7
וְאַבִּ֣יטָה
and I will consider
to scan, i.e., look intently at; by implication, to regard with pleasure, favor or care
#8
בִמְכוֹנִ֑י
in my dwelling place
properly, a fixture, i.e., a basis; generally a place, especially as an abode
#9
בְּחֹ֥ם
heat
heat
#10
צַח֙
like a clear
dazzling, i.e., sunny, bright, (figuratively) evident
#11
עֲלֵי
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#12
א֔וֹר
upon herbs
illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)
#13
כְּעָ֥ב
and like a cloud
properly, an envelope, i.e., darkness (or density, 2 chronicles 4:17); specifically, a (scud) cloud; also a copse
#14
טַ֖ל
of dew
dew (as covering vegetation)
#15
בְּחֹ֥ם
heat
heat
#16
קָצִֽיר׃
of harvest
severed, a limb (of a tree, or simply foliage)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Isaiah. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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