Hosea 8:9

Authorized King James Version

For they are gone up to Assyria, a wild ass alone by himself: Ephraim hath hired lovers.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
כִּֽי
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#2
הֵ֙מָּה֙
they (only used when emphatic)
#3
עָל֣וּ
For they are gone up
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
#4
אַשּׁ֔וּר
to Assyria
ashshur, the second son of shem; also his descendants and the country occupied by them (i.e., assyria), its region and its empire
#5
פֶּ֖רֶא
a wild ass
the onager
#6
בּוֹדֵ֣ד
alone
to divide, i.e., (reflexive) be solitary
#7
ל֑וֹ
H0
#8
אֶפְרַ֖יִם
by himself Ephraim
ephrajim, a son of joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory
#9
הִתְנ֥וּ
hath hired
to present (a mercenary inducement), i.e., bargain with (a harlot)
#10
אֲהָבִֽים׃
lovers
affection (in a good or a bad sense)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing love fundamental to theology proper, revealing God's essential nature and character and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show patron-client relationships and family loyalty concepts, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection