Hosea 3:1

Authorized King James Version

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Then said the LORD unto me, Go yet, love a woman beloved of her friend, yet an adulteress, according to the love of the LORD toward the children of Israel, who look to other gods, and love flagons of wine.

Original Language Analysis

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר Then said H559
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר Then said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 23
to say (used with great latitude)
יְהוָה֙ of the LORD H3068
יְהוָה֙ of the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 2 of 23
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֵלַ֗י H413
אֵלַ֗י
Strong's: H413
Word #: 3 of 23
near, with or among; often in general, to
ע֚וֹד H5750
ע֚וֹד
Strong's: H5750
Word #: 4 of 23
properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more
לֵ֣ךְ H1980
לֵ֣ךְ
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 5 of 23
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
וְאֹהֲבֵ֖י and love H157
וְאֹהֲבֵ֖י and love
Strong's: H157
Word #: 6 of 23
to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)
אִשָּׁ֔ה a woman H802
אִשָּׁ֔ה a woman
Strong's: H802
Word #: 7 of 23
a woman
וְאֹהֲבֵ֖י and love H157
וְאֹהֲבֵ֖י and love
Strong's: H157
Word #: 8 of 23
to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)
רֵ֖עַ of her friend H7453
רֵ֖עַ of her friend
Strong's: H7453
Word #: 9 of 23
an associate (more or less close)
וּמְנָאָ֑פֶת yet an adulteress H5003
וּמְנָאָ֑פֶת yet an adulteress
Strong's: H5003
Word #: 10 of 23
to commit adultery; figuratively, to apostatize
כְּאַהֲבַ֤ת according to the love H160
כְּאַהֲבַ֤ת according to the love
Strong's: H160
Word #: 11 of 23
love
יְהוָה֙ of the LORD H3068
יְהוָה֙ of the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 12 of 23
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 13 of 23
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
בְּנֵ֣י toward the children H1121
בְּנֵ֣י toward the children
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 14 of 23
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל of Israel H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל of Israel
Strong's: H3478
Word #: 15 of 23
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
וְהֵ֗ם H1992
וְהֵ֗ם
Strong's: H1992
Word #: 16 of 23
they (only used when emphatic)
פֹּנִים֙ who look H6437
פֹּנִים֙ who look
Strong's: H6437
Word #: 17 of 23
to turn; by implication, to face, i.e., appear, look, etc
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 18 of 23
near, with or among; often in general, to
אֱלֹהִ֣ים gods H430
אֱלֹהִ֣ים gods
Strong's: H430
Word #: 19 of 23
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
אֲחֵרִ֔ים to other H312
אֲחֵרִ֔ים to other
Strong's: H312
Word #: 20 of 23
properly, hinder; generally, next, other, etc
וְאֹהֲבֵ֖י and love H157
וְאֹהֲבֵ֖י and love
Strong's: H157
Word #: 21 of 23
to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)
אֲשִׁישֵׁ֥י flagons H809
אֲשִׁישֵׁ֥י flagons
Strong's: H809
Word #: 22 of 23
something closely pressed together, i.e., a cake of raisins or other comfits
עֲנָבִֽים׃ of wine H6025
עֲנָבִֽים׃ of wine
Strong's: H6025
Word #: 23 of 23
a grape

Analysis & Commentary

Go yet, love a woman beloved of her friend, yet an adulteress—God commands Hosea to take back Gomer after her adultery, mirroring Yahweh's relentless love for wayward Israel. According to the love of the LORD (כְּאַהֲבַת יְהוָה)—the comparison is explicit: Hosea's painful redemption of his unfaithful wife pictures God's covenant love (אַהֲבָה, ahavah). Who look to other gods, and love flagons of wine (אֲשִׁשֵׁי עֲנָבִים)—raisin cakes were used in fertility cult worship. Israel traded Yahweh for sensual idolatry, yet God pursues them still. This chapter prophesies Israel's long exile (v.4) followed by restoration and return to 'David their king' (v.5)—Messiah.

Historical Context

Hosea received this command to redeem Gomer from slavery/prostitution during the later phase of his ministry, after Israel's persistent covenant violations had made judgment certain. The parallel between Hosea buying back his unfaithful wife and God's redemptive love for Israel despite their adultery with 'flagons of wine' (associated with Baal fertility rituals) provided a living embodiment of divine grace. This prophetic sign-act occurred during the chaotic years following Jeroboam II's death (753 BC), when Israel lurched between Egyptian and Assyrian alliances while the priesthood and monarchy had thoroughly corrupted worship, yet God's covenant love (hesed) remained steadfast.

Questions for Reflection