Hosea 2:12

Authorized King James Version

And I will destroy her vines and her fig trees, whereof she hath said, These are my rewards that my lovers have given me: and I will make them a forest, and the beasts of the field shall eat them.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַהֲשִׁמֹּתִ֗י
And I will destroy
to stun (or intransitively, grow numb), i.e., devastate or (figuratively) stupefy (both usually in a passive sense)
#2
גַּפְנָהּ֙
her vines
a vine (as twining), especially the grape
#3
וּתְאֵ֣נָתָ֔הּ
and her fig trees
the fig (tree or fruit)
#4
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#5
אָמְרָ֗ה
whereof she hath said
to say (used with great latitude)
#6
אֶתְנָ֥ה
These are my rewards
a present (as the price of harlotry)
#7
הֵ֙מָּה֙
they (only used when emphatic)
#8
לִ֔י
H0
#9
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#10
נָֽתְנוּ
have given
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#11
לִ֖י
H0
#12
מְאַֽהֲבָ֑י
that my lovers
to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)
#13
וְשַׂמְתִּ֣ים
me and I will make
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
#14
לְיַ֔עַר
them a forest
a copse of bushes; hence, a forest; hence, honey in the comb (as hived in trees)
#15
וַאֲכָלָ֖תַם
shall eat
to eat (literally or figuratively)
#16
חַיַּ֥ת
and the beasts
alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or livin
#17
הַשָּׂדֶֽה׃
of the field
a field (as flat)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Hosea. The concept of love reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The emotional and relational language employed here is characteristic of biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, emphasizing the personal nature of divine-human relationship. The original language emphasizes agape in Greek contexts or hesed in Hebrew, indicating covenantal loyalty, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood love. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection