Genesis 42:30

Authorized King James Version

The man, who is the lord of the land, spake roughly to us, and took us for spies of the country.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
דִּ֠בֶּר
spake
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
#2
הָאִ֨ישׁ
properly, a mortal (and thus differing from the more dignified h0120); hence, a man in general (singly or collectively)
#3
אֲדֹנֵ֥י
who is the lord
sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)
#4
הָאָֽרֶץ׃
of the country
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#5
אִתָּ֖נוּ
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
#6
קָשׁ֑וֹת
roughly
severe (in various applications)
#7
וַיִּתֵּ֣ן
to us and took
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#8
אֹתָ֔נוּ
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#9
כִּֽמְרַגְּלִ֖ים
us for spies
to walk along; but only in specifically, applications, to reconnoiter, to be a tale-bearer (i.e., slander); to lead about
#10
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#11
הָאָֽרֶץ׃
of the country
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

Analysis

Within the broader context of Genesis, this passage highlights creation and providence through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Genesis.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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