Genesis 42:31

Authorized King James Version

And we said unto him, We are true men; we are no spies:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַנֹּ֥אמֶר
And we said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
אֵלָ֖יו
near, with or among; often in general, to
#3
כֵּנִ֣ים
unto him We are true
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
#4
אֲנָ֑חְנוּ
we
#5
לֹ֥א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#6
הָיִ֖ינוּ
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#7
מְרַגְּלִֽים׃
men we are no spies
to walk along; but only in specifically, applications, to reconnoiter, to be a tale-bearer (i.e., slander); to lead about

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine revelation reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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