Genesis 4:13

Authorized King James Version

And Cain said unto the LORD, My punishment is greater than I can bear.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֥אמֶר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
קַ֖יִן
And Cain
kajin, the name of the first child
#3
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#4
יְהוָ֑ה
unto the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#5
גָּד֥וֹל
is greater
great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent
#6
עֲוֹנִ֖י
My punishment
perversity, i.e., (moral) evil
#7
מִנְּשֹֽׂא׃
than I can bear
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The divine name or title here functions within foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern narrative literature addressing origins and identity shapes this text's meaning. The development from creation to divine election established God's sovereign care over history Understanding a worldview where divine beings actively governed natural and historical processes helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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