Genesis 39:20

Authorized King James Version

And Joseph's master took him, and put him into the prison, a place where the king's prisoners were bound: and he was there in the prison.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּקַּח֩
took
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
#2
אֲדֹנֵ֨י
master
sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)
#3
יוֹסֵ֜ף
And Joseph's
joseph, the name of seven israelites
#4
אֹת֗וֹ
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#5
וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֙הוּ֙
him and put him
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#6
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#7
בְּבֵ֥ית
and he was there in the prison
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
#8
הַסֹּ֔הַר
a dungeon (as surrounded by walls)
#9
מְק֕וֹם
a place
properly, a standing, i.e., a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)
#10
אֲשֶׁר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#11
אֲסִורֵ֥י
prisoners
bound, i.e., a captive
#12
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ
where the king's
a king
#13
אֲסוּרִ֑ים
were bound
to yoke or hitch; by analogy, to fasten in any sense, to join battle
#14
וַֽיְהִי
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#15
שָׁ֖ם
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
#16
בְּבֵ֥ית
and he was there in the prison
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
#17
הַסֹּֽהַר׃
a dungeon (as surrounded by walls)

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine revelation reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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