Genesis 2:10

Authorized King James Version

And a river went out of Eden to water the garden; and from thence it was parted, and became into four heads.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְנָהָר֙
And a river
a stream (including the sea; expectation the nile, euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity
#2
יֹצֵ֣א
went out
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
#3
מֵעֵ֔דֶן
of Eden
eden, the region of adam's home
#4
לְהַשְׁק֖וֹת
to water
to quaff, i.e., (causatively) to irrigate or furnish a potion to
#5
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#6
הַגָּ֑ן
the garden
a garden (as fenced)
#7
וּמִשָּׁם֙
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
#8
יִפָּרֵ֔ד
and from thence it was parted
to break through, i.e., spread or separate (oneself)
#9
וְהָיָ֖ה
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#10
לְאַרְבָּעָ֥ה
and became into four
four
#11
רָאשִֽׁים׃
heads
the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)

Analysis

The creation and providence theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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