Genesis 19:24

Authorized King James Version

Then the LORD rained upon Sodom and upon Gomorrah brimstone and fire from the LORD out of heaven;

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
יְהוָ֖ה
Then the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#2
הִמְטִ֧יר
rained
to rain
#3
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#4
סְדֹ֛ם
upon Sodom
sedom, a place near the dead sea
#5
וְעַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#6
עֲמֹרָ֖ה
and upon Gomorrah
amorah, a place in palestine
#7
גָּפְרִ֣ית
brimstone
properly, cypress-resin; by analogy, sulphur (as equally inflammable)
#8
וָאֵ֑שׁ
and fire
fire (literally or figuratively)
#9
מֵאֵ֥ת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#10
יְהוָ֖ה
Then the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#11
מִן
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
#12
הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃
out of heaven
the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r

Analysis

Within the broader context of Genesis, this passage highlights creation and providence through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Genesis.

Historical Context

The historical context of the patriarchal period (c. 2000-1500 BCE) and primeval history provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The ancient Near Eastern world with its creation myths, flood narratives, and patriarchal social structures provided the cultural backdrop against which God's revelation stands in stark contrast. The ancient Near Eastern cosmology and patriarchal society would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Ancient Near Eastern creation texts like Enuma Elish provide comparative context for understanding Genesis's unique theological perspective.

Questions for Reflection

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