Jeremiah 20:16

Authorized King James Version

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And let that man be as the cities which the LORD overthrew, and repented not: and let him hear the cry in the morning, and the shouting at noontide;

Original Language Analysis

וְהָיָה֙ H1961
וְהָיָה֙
Strong's: H1961
Word #: 1 of 15
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
הָאִ֣ישׁ And let that man H376
הָאִ֣ישׁ And let that man
Strong's: H376
Word #: 2 of 15
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
הַה֔וּא H1931
הַה֔וּא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 3 of 15
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
כֶּֽעָרִ֛ים be as the cities H5892
כֶּֽעָרִ֛ים be as the cities
Strong's: H5892
Word #: 4 of 15
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
אֲשֶׁר H834
אֲשֶׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 5 of 15
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
הָפַ֥ךְ overthrew H2015
הָפַ֥ךְ overthrew
Strong's: H2015
Word #: 6 of 15
to turn about or over; by implication, to change, overturn, return, pervert
יְהוָ֖ה which the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֖ה which the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 7 of 15
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
וְלֹ֣א H3808
וְלֹ֣א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 8 of 15
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
נִחָ֑ם and repented H5162
נִחָ֑ם and repented
Strong's: H5162
Word #: 9 of 15
properly, to sigh, i.e., breathe strongly; by implication, to be sorry, i.e., (in a favorable sense) to pity, console or (reflexively) rue; or (unfavo
וְשָׁמַ֤ע not and let him hear H8085
וְשָׁמַ֤ע not and let him hear
Strong's: H8085
Word #: 10 of 15
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
זְעָקָה֙ the cry H2201
זְעָקָה֙ the cry
Strong's: H2201
Word #: 11 of 15
a shriek or outcry
בַּבֹּ֔קֶר in the morning H1242
בַּבֹּ֔קֶר in the morning
Strong's: H1242
Word #: 12 of 15
properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning
וּתְרוּעָ֖ה and the shouting H8643
וּתְרוּעָ֖ה and the shouting
Strong's: H8643
Word #: 13 of 15
clamor, i.e., acclamation of joy or a battle-cry; especially clangor of trumpets, as an alarum
בְּעֵ֥ת at noontide H6256
בְּעֵ֥ת at noontide
Strong's: H6256
Word #: 14 of 15
time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc
צָהֳרָֽיִם׃ H6672
צָהֳרָֽיִם׃
Strong's: H6672
Word #: 15 of 15
a light (i.e., window); dual double light, i.e., noon

Analysis & Commentary

Jeremiah's lament continues with another hyperbolic curse: 'let that man be as the cities which the LORD overthrew, and repented not.' This clearly references Sodom and Gomorrah (Genesis 19:24-25), paradigmatic examples of divine judgment. The phrase 'and repented not' (lo nicham, לֹא נִחָם) emphasizes the finality and irrevocability of that judgment—God did not relent or change His mind. The vivid imagery 'let him hear the cry in the morning, and the shouting at noontide' describes the sounds of destruction: cries of terror at dawn when attack begins, shouting of battle by midday. This continues the irrational cursing of the innocent messenger, expressing Jeremiah's wish that announcing his birth had brought disaster rather than joy. The allusion to Sodom's destruction carries theological weight—those cities represent complete judgment for complete wickedness. Yet Jeremiah applies this to the messenger of his birth, revealing how suffering can distort perspective. This teaches that godly people in crisis may make extreme statements that shouldn't be taken as theological pronouncements. God's grace allows such cries without condemnation, understanding that pain speaks through these words.

Historical Context

Sodom and Gomorrah's destruction became Israel's primary example of divine judgment (Isaiah 1:9, 13:19; Ezekiel 16:49-50; Amos 4:11). The phrase 'overthrew and repented not' would immediately call to mind that catastrophic judgment. Ancient Near Eastern warfare began at dawn (the 'cry in the morning') and intensified through the day (the 'shouting at noontide'). Jerusalem itself would soon experience this pattern when Babylon attacked—morning assault, midday battle, eventual destruction (2 Kings 25:1-10). Jeremiah's prophetic imagination associates his birth with such destruction—he wishes his birth had brought disaster to the messenger rather than joy. This extreme language parallels Job's curses (Job 3:3-10) and demonstrates how God's faithful servants can experience profound despair. Church history records similar expressions: Jerome wished he'd never been born, Luther struggled with suicidal despair, Spurgeon battled depression. These examples comfort believers experiencing similar darkness, showing that such struggles don't disqualify us from faith or service.

Questions for Reflection

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