Genesis 17:11

Authorized King James Version

And ye shall circumcise the flesh of your foreskin; and it shall be a token of the covenant betwixt me and you.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וּנְמַלְתֶּ֕ם
And ye shall circumcise
to become clipped or (specifically) circumcised
#2
אֵ֖ת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#3
בְּשַׂ֣ר
the flesh
flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body, person; also (by euphemistically) the pudenda of a man
#4
עָרְלַתְכֶ֑ם
of your foreskin
the prepuce
#5
וְהָיָה֙
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#6
לְא֣וֹת
and it shall be a token
a signal (literally or figuratively), as a flag, beacon, monument, omen, prodigy, evidence, etc
#7
בְּרִ֔ית
of the covenant
a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)
#8
בֵּינִ֖י
between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjunction, either...or
#9
וּבֵֽינֵיכֶֽם׃
between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjunction, either...or

Analysis

This verse develops the covenant theme central to Genesis. The concept of covenant reflects the development of covenant within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on covenant particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show treaty language and adoption practices from the ancient world, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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