Genesis 14:9

Authorized King James Version

With Chedorlaomer the king of Elam, and with Tidal king of nations, and Amraphel king of Shinar, and Arioch king of Ellasar; four kings with five.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אֵ֣ת
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
#2
כְּדָרְלָעֹ֜מֶר
With Chedorlaomer
kedorlaomer, an early persian king
#3
מְלָכִ֖ים
king
a king
#4
עֵילָ֗ם
of Elam
elam, a son of shem and his descendants, with their country; also of six israelites
#5
וְתִדְעָל֙
and with Tidal
tidal, a canaanite
#6
מְלָכִ֖ים
king
a king
#7
גּוֹיִ֔ם
of nations
a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
#8
וְאַמְרָפֶל֙
and Amraphel
amraphel, a king of shinar
#9
מְלָכִ֖ים
king
a king
#10
שִׁנְעָ֔ר
of Shinar
shinar, a plain in babylonia
#11
וְאַרְי֖וֹךְ
and Arioch
arjok, the name of two babylonians
#12
מְלָכִ֖ים
king
a king
#13
אֶלָּסָ֑ר
of Ellasar
ellasar, an early country of asia
#14
אַרְבָּעָ֥ה
four
four
#15
מְלָכִ֖ים
king
a king
#16
אֶת
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
#17
הַֽחֲמִשָּֽׁה׃
with five
five

Analysis

The creation and providence theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern narrative literature addressing origins and identity shapes this text's meaning. The development from creation to divine election established God's sovereign care over history Understanding a worldview where divine beings actively governed natural and historical processes helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes covenant community in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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