Genesis 14:10

Authorized King James Version

And the vale of Siddim was full of slimepits; and the kings of Sodom and Gomorrah fled, and fell there; and they that remained fled to the mountain.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְעֵ֣מֶק
And the vale
a vale (i.e., broad depression)
#2
הַשִׂדִּ֗ים
of Siddim
siddim, a valley in palestine
#3
בֶּֽאֱרֹת֙
slimepits
a pit; especially a well
#4
בֶּֽאֱרֹת֙
slimepits
a pit; especially a well
#5
חֵמָ֔ר
bitumen (as rising to the surface)
#6
נָּֽסוּ׃
fled
to flit, i.e., vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver)
#7
מֶֽלֶךְ
and the kings
a king
#8
סְדֹ֥ם
of Sodom
sedom, a place near the dead sea
#9
וַֽעֲמֹרָ֖ה
and Gomorrah
amorah, a place in palestine
#10
וַיִּפְּלוּ
and fell
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
#11
שָׁ֑מָּה
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
#12
וְהַנִּשְׁאָרִ֖ים
there and they that remained
properly, to swell up, i.e., be (causatively, make) redundant
#13
הֶ֥רָה
to the mountain
a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
#14
נָּֽסוּ׃
fled
to flit, i.e., vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver)

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine revelation reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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