Genesis 10:1

Authorized King James Version

Now these are the generations of the sons of Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth: and unto them were sons born after the flood.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְאֵ֙לֶּה֙
these or those
#2
תּֽוֹלְדֹ֣ת
Now these are the generations
(plural only) descent, i.e., family; (figuratively) history
#3
בָּנִ֖ים
and unto them were sons
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#4
נֹ֔חַ
of Noah
noach, the patriarch of the flood
#5
שֵׁ֖ם
Shem
shem, a son of noah (often including his posterity)
#6
חָ֣ם
Ham
cham, a son of noah; also (as a patronymic) his descendants or their country
#7
וָיָ֑פֶת
and Japheth
jepheth, a son of noah; also his posterity
#8
וַיִּוָּֽלְד֥וּ
born
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
#9
לָהֶ֛ם
H0
#10
בָּנִ֖ים
and unto them were sons
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#11
אַחַ֥ר
after
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
#12
הַמַּבּֽוּל׃
the flood
a deluge

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine revelation reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the patriarchal period (c. 2000-1500 BCE) and primeval history provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The ancient Near Eastern world with its creation myths, flood narratives, and patriarchal social structures provided the cultural backdrop against which God's revelation stands in stark contrast. The ancient Near Eastern cosmology and patriarchal society would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Ancient Near Eastern creation texts like Enuma Elish provide comparative context for understanding Genesis's unique theological perspective.

Questions for Reflection

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