Exodus 40:20

Authorized King James Version

And he took and put the testimony into the ark, and set the staves on the ark, and put the mercy seat above upon the ark:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּקַּ֞ח
And he took
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
#2
וַיִּתֵּ֧ן
and put
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#3
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#4
הָֽעֵדֻת֙
the testimony
testimony
#5
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#6
הָֽאָרֹ֖ן
into the ark
a box
#7
וַיָּ֥שֶׂם
and set
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
#8
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#9
הַבַּדִּ֖ים
the staves
properly, separation; by implication, a part of the body, branch of a tree, bar for carrying; figuratively, chief of a city; especially (with preposit
#10
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#11
הָֽאָרֹ֖ן
into the ark
a box
#12
וַיִּתֵּ֧ן
and put
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#13
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#14
הַכַּפֹּ֛רֶת
the mercy seat
a lid (used only of the cover of the sacred ark)
#15
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#16
הָֽאָרֹ֖ן
into the ark
a box
#17
מִלְמָֽעְלָה׃
above
properly,the upper part, used only adverbially with prefix upward, above, overhead, from the top, etc

Analysis

Within the broader context of Exodus, this passage highlights salvation through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of mercy connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about mercy, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Exodus.

Historical Context

The historical context of the period of Egyptian bondage and wilderness wandering (c. 1440-1400 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood mercy. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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