Exodus 32:11

Authorized King James Version

And Moses besought the LORD his God, and said, LORD, why doth thy wrath wax hot against thy people, which thou hast brought forth out of the land of Egypt with great power, and with a mighty hand?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְחַ֣ל
besought
properly, to be rubbed or worn; hence (figuratively) to stroke (in flattering), entreat
#2
מֹשֶׁ֔ה
And Moses
mosheh, the israelite lawgiver
#3
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#4
פְּנֵ֖י
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#5
יְהוָה֙
LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#6
אֱלֹהָ֑יו
his God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#7
וַיֹּ֗אמֶר
and said
to say (used with great latitude)
#8
לָמָ֤ה
properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and
#9
יְהוָה֙
LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#10
יֶֽחֱרֶ֤ה
wax hot
to glow or grow warm; figuratively (usually) to blaze up, of anger, zeal, jealousy
#11
אַפְּךָ֙
why doth thy wrath
properly, the nose or nostril; hence, the face, and occasionally a person; also (from the rapid breathing in passion) ire
#12
בְּעַמֶּ֔ךָ
against thy people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#13
אֲשֶׁ֤ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#14
הוֹצֵ֙אתָ֙
which thou hast brought forth
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
#15
מֵאֶ֣רֶץ
out of the land
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#16
מִצְרַ֔יִם
of Egypt
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
#17
בְּכֹ֥חַ
power
vigor, literally (force, in a good or a bad sense) or figuratively (capacity, means, produce)
#18
גָּד֖וֹל
with great
great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent
#19
וּבְיָ֥ד
hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#20
חֲזָקָֽה׃
and with a mighty
strong (usu. in a bad sense, hard, bold, violent)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the period of Egyptian bondage and wilderness wandering (c. 1440-1400 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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