Exodus 17:7

Authorized King James Version

And he called the name of the place Massah, and Meribah, because of the chiding of the children of Israel, and because they tempted the LORD, saying, Is the LORD among us, or not?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּקְרָא֙
And he called
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
#2
שֵׁ֣ם
the name
an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
#3
הַמָּק֔וֹם
of the place
properly, a standing, i.e., a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)
#4
מַסָּ֖ה
Massah
massah, a place in the desert
#5
וּמְרִיבָ֑ה
and Meribah
meribah, the name of two places in the desert
#6
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#7
רִ֣יב׀
because of the chiding
a contest (personal or legal)
#8
בְּנֵ֣י
of the children
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#9
יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל
of Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#10
וְעַ֨ל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#11
נַסֹּתָ֤ם
and because they tempted
to test; by implication, to attempt
#12
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#13
יְהוָ֛ה
the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#14
לֵאמֹ֔ר
saying
to say (used with great latitude)
#15
הֲיֵ֧שׁ
Is
there is or are (or any other form of the verb to be, as may suit the connection)
#16
יְהוָ֛ה
the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#17
בְּקִרְבֵּ֖נוּ
among
properly, the nearest part, i.e., the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)
#18
אִם
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
#19
אָֽיִן׃
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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