Exodus 16:12

Authorized King James Version

I have heard the murmurings of the children of Israel: speak unto them, saying, At even ye shall eat flesh, and in the morning ye shall be filled with bread; and ye shall know that I am the LORD your God.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
שָׁמַ֗עְתִּי
I have heard
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
#2
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#3
תְּלוּנֹּת֮
the murmurings
a grumbling
#4
בְּנֵ֣י
of the children
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#5
יִשְׂרָאֵל֒
of Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#6
דַּבֵּ֨ר
speak
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
#7
אֲלֵהֶ֜ם
near, with or among; often in general, to
#8
לֵאמֹ֗ר
unto them saying
to say (used with great latitude)
#9
בֵּ֤ין
At even
between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjunction, either...or
#10
הָֽעַרְבַּ֙יִם֙
dusk
#11
תֹּֽאכְל֣וּ
ye shall eat
to eat (literally or figuratively)
#12
בָשָׂ֔ר
flesh
flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body, person; also (by euphemistically) the pudenda of a man
#13
וּבַבֹּ֖קֶר
and in the morning
properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning
#14
תִּשְׂבְּעוּ
ye shall be filled
to sate, i.e., fill to satisfaction (literally or figuratively)
#15
לָ֑חֶם
with bread
food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
#16
וִֽידַעְתֶּ֕ם
and ye shall know
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
#17
כִּ֛י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#18
אֲנִ֥י
i
#19
יְהוָ֖ה
that I am the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#20
אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶֽם׃
your God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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