Exodus 14:10

Authorized King James Version

And when Pharaoh drew nigh, the children of Israel lifted up their eyes, and, behold, the Egyptians marched after them; and they were sore afraid: and the children of Israel cried out unto the LORD.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וּפַרְעֹ֖ה
And when Pharaoh
paroh, a general title of egyptian kings
#2
הִקְרִ֑יב
drew nigh
to approach (causatively, bring near) for whatever purpose
#3
וַיִּשְׂאוּ֩
lifted up
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
#4
בְנֵֽי
and the children
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#5
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל
of Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#6
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#7
עֵֽינֵיהֶ֜ם
their eyes
an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
#8
וְהִנֵּ֥ה
lo!
#9
מִצְרַ֣יִם׀
and behold the Egyptians
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
#10
נֹסֵ֣עַ
marched
properly, to pull up, especially the tent-pins, i.e., start on a journey
#11
אַֽחֲרֵיהֶ֗ם
after
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
#12
וַיִּֽירְאוּ֙
afraid
to fear; morally to revere; causatively to frighten
#13
מְאֹ֔ד
them and they were sore
properly, vehemence, i.e., (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or
#14
וַיִּצְעֲק֥וּ
cried out
to shriek; (by implication) to proclaim (an assembly)
#15
בְנֵֽי
and the children
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#16
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל
of Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#17
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#18
יְהוָֽה׃
unto the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Exodus. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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