Esther 4:8

Authorized King James Version

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Also he gave him the copy of the writing of the decree that was given at Shushan to destroy them, to shew it unto Esther, and to declare it unto her, and to charge her that she should go in unto the king, to make supplication unto him, and to make request before him for her people.

Original Language Analysis

וְאֶת H853
וְאֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 1 of 26
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
פַּתְשֶׁ֣גֶן him the copy H6572
פַּתְשֶׁ֣גֶן him the copy
Strong's: H6572
Word #: 2 of 26
a transcript
כְּתָֽב of the writing H3791
כְּתָֽב of the writing
Strong's: H3791
Word #: 3 of 26
something written, i.e., a writing, record or book
הַ֠דָּת of the decree H1881
הַ֠דָּת of the decree
Strong's: H1881
Word #: 4 of 26
a royal edict or statute
אֲשֶׁר H834
אֲשֶׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 5 of 26
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
נָ֣תַן Also he gave H5414
נָ֣תַן Also he gave
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 6 of 26
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
בְּשׁוּשָׁ֤ן at Shushan H7800
בְּשׁוּשָׁ֤ן at Shushan
Strong's: H7800
Word #: 7 of 26
shushan, a place in persia
לְהַשְׁמִידָם֙ to destroy H8045
לְהַשְׁמִידָם֙ to destroy
Strong's: H8045
Word #: 8 of 26
to desolate
נָ֣תַן Also he gave H5414
נָ֣תַן Also he gave
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 9 of 26
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
ל֔וֹ H0
ל֔וֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 10 of 26
לְהַרְא֥וֹת them to shew H7200
לְהַרְא֥וֹת them to shew
Strong's: H7200
Word #: 11 of 26
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 12 of 26
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
אֶסְתֵּ֖ר it unto Esther H635
אֶסְתֵּ֖ר it unto Esther
Strong's: H635
Word #: 13 of 26
ester, the jewish heroine
וּלְהַגִּ֣יד and to declare H5046
וּלְהַגִּ֣יד and to declare
Strong's: H5046
Word #: 14 of 26
properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to
לָ֑הּ H0
לָ֑הּ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 15 of 26
וּלְצַוּ֣וֹת it unto her and to charge H6680
וּלְצַוּ֣וֹת it unto her and to charge
Strong's: H6680
Word #: 16 of 26
(intensively) to constitute, enjoin
עָלֶ֗יהָ H5921
עָלֶ֗יהָ
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 17 of 26
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
לָב֨וֹא her that she should go in H935
לָב֨וֹא her that she should go in
Strong's: H935
Word #: 18 of 26
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 19 of 26
near, with or among; often in general, to
הַמֶּ֧לֶךְ unto the king H4428
הַמֶּ֧לֶךְ unto the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 20 of 26
a king
לְהִֽתְחַנֶּן to make supplication H2603
לְהִֽתְחַנֶּן to make supplication
Strong's: H2603
Word #: 21 of 26
properly, to bend or stoop in kindness to an inferior; to favor, bestow; causatively to implore (i.e., move to favor by petition)
ל֛וֹ H0
ל֛וֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 22 of 26
וּלְבַקֵּ֥שׁ unto him and to make request H1245
וּלְבַקֵּ֥שׁ unto him and to make request
Strong's: H1245
Word #: 23 of 26
to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to strive after
מִלְּפָנָ֖יו before H6440
מִלְּפָנָ֖יו before
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 24 of 26
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 25 of 26
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
עַמָּֽהּ׃ him for her people H5971
עַמָּֽהּ׃ him for her people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 26 of 26
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

Analysis & Commentary

Also he gave him the copy of the writing of the decree that was given at Shushan to destroy them, to shew it unto Esther, and to declare it unto her, and to charge her that she should go in unto the king, to make supplication unto him, and to make request before him for her people. Mordecai sent Hatach back with a copy of Haman's decree, written evidence of the genocide plot. He instructed Hatach to show Esther the decree, explain it fully, and charge her to intercede with the king for "her people"—identifying Esther with the Jewish community despite her position as Persian queen. The threefold instruction (show, declare, charge) emphasizes thoroughness—Esther needed full information and clear direction. Mordecai's charge that she intercede demonstrates his faith that God positioned her strategically "for such a time as this" (v. 14). The written decree provided concrete evidence, transforming abstract threat into undeniable reality requiring response.

Historical Context

Written copies of royal decrees circulated throughout the empire (3:14), making Mordecai's acquisition of one plausible. The decree's written form made the threat undeniable—not rumor or fear but official, legal genocide. Mordecai's instruction to "charge her" uses strong language suggesting both urgency and authority—despite Esther's royal position, Mordecai exercises guardian's authority in crisis. His identification of Jews as "her people" reminded Esther that queenship didn't exempt her from ethnic identity or communal responsibility. Ancient Near Eastern culture recognized that privilege created obligation to benefit one's community. Mordecai's challenge appealed to this understanding.

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