Esther 4:8

Authorized King James Version

Also he gave him the copy of the writing of the decree that was given at Shushan to destroy them, to shew it unto Esther, and to declare it unto her, and to charge her that she should go in unto the king, to make supplication unto him, and to make request before him for her people.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְאֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#2
פַּתְשֶׁ֣גֶן
him the copy
a transcript
#3
כְּתָֽב
of the writing
something written, i.e., a writing, record or book
#4
הַ֠דָּת
of the decree
a royal edict or statute
#5
אֲשֶׁר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#6
נָ֣תַן
Also he gave
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#7
בְּשׁוּשָׁ֤ן
at Shushan
shushan, a place in persia
#8
לְהַשְׁמִידָם֙
to destroy
to desolate
#9
נָ֣תַן
Also he gave
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#10
ל֔וֹ
H0
#11
לְהַרְא֥וֹת
them to shew
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#12
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#13
אֶסְתֵּ֖ר
it unto Esther
ester, the jewish heroine
#14
וּלְהַגִּ֣יד
and to declare
properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to
#15
לָ֑הּ
H0
#16
וּלְצַוּ֣וֹת
it unto her and to charge
(intensively) to constitute, enjoin
#17
עָלֶ֗יהָ
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#18
לָב֨וֹא
her that she should go in
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#19
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#20
הַמֶּ֧לֶךְ
unto the king
a king
#21
לְהִֽתְחַנֶּן
to make supplication
properly, to bend or stoop in kindness to an inferior; to favor, bestow; causatively to implore (i.e., move to favor by petition)
#22
ל֛וֹ
H0
#23
וּלְבַקֵּ֥שׁ
unto him and to make request
to search out (by any method, specifically in worship or prayer); by implication, to strive after
#24
מִלְּפָנָ֖יו
before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#25
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#26
עַמָּֽהּ׃
him for her people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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