Counsel sought: 'Then the king said to the wise men, which knew the times'. Ahasuerus consulted advisors who 'knew the times' (yod'ei ha'ittim)—possibly astrologers, legal experts, or counselors skilled in precedent and custom. 'For so was the king's manner toward all that knew law and judgment'. The king relied on advisors for legal decisions, showing Persian administrative structure. This consultation about Vashti's punishment would have far-reaching consequences, creating vacancy that Esther would fill. God's providence works through bureaucratic procedures and human counsel to orchestrate His redemptive plan.
Historical Context
Persian administrative system included councils of advisors specializing in different areas. The phrase 'knew the times' might indicate astrologers (timing decisions by stars) or legal experts (knowing historical precedents). Ancient Near Eastern kings typically consulted councils before major decisions, combining autocratic power with advisory wisdom. This consultation about appropriate punishment for Vashti's disobedience created the legal precedent and circumstances leading to her permanent removal, though initially the king might have merely wanted validation of his anger rather than permanent divorce.
Questions for Reflection
How does God's use of pagan advisors and astrological counsel demonstrate His sovereignty over all human systems?
What does this teach about God accomplishing His purposes even through worldly wisdom and secular counsel?
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Analysis & Commentary
Counsel sought: 'Then the king said to the wise men, which knew the times'. Ahasuerus consulted advisors who 'knew the times' (yod'ei ha'ittim)—possibly astrologers, legal experts, or counselors skilled in precedent and custom. 'For so was the king's manner toward all that knew law and judgment'. The king relied on advisors for legal decisions, showing Persian administrative structure. This consultation about Vashti's punishment would have far-reaching consequences, creating vacancy that Esther would fill. God's providence works through bureaucratic procedures and human counsel to orchestrate His redemptive plan.