Ecclesiastes 11:10

Authorized King James Version

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Therefore remove sorrow from thy heart, and put away evil from thy flesh: for childhood and youth are vanity.

Original Language Analysis

וְהָסֵ֥ר Therefore remove H5493
וְהָסֵ֥ר Therefore remove
Strong's: H5493
Word #: 1 of 10
to turn off (literally or figuratively)
כַּ֙עַס֙ sorrow H3708
כַּ֙עַס֙ sorrow
Strong's: H3708
Word #: 2 of 10
vexation
מִלִּבֶּ֔ךָ from thy heart H3820
מִלִּבֶּ֔ךָ from thy heart
Strong's: H3820
Word #: 3 of 10
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
וְהַעֲבֵ֥ר and put away H5674
וְהַעֲבֵ֥ר and put away
Strong's: H5674
Word #: 4 of 10
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
רָעָ֖ה evil H7451
רָעָ֖ה evil
Strong's: H7451
Word #: 5 of 10
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
מִבְּשָׂרֶ֑ךָ from thy flesh H1320
מִבְּשָׂרֶ֑ךָ from thy flesh
Strong's: H1320
Word #: 6 of 10
flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body, person; also (by euphemistically) the pudenda of a man
כִּֽי H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 7 of 10
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
הַיַּלְד֥וּת for childhood H3208
הַיַּלְד֥וּת for childhood
Strong's: H3208
Word #: 8 of 10
boyhood (or girlhood)
וְהַֽשַּׁחֲר֖וּת and youth H7839
וְהַֽשַּׁחֲר֖וּת and youth
Strong's: H7839
Word #: 9 of 10
a dawning, i.e., (figuratively) juvenescence
הָֽבֶל׃ are vanity H1892
הָֽבֶל׃ are vanity
Strong's: H1892
Word #: 10 of 10
emptiness or vanity; figuratively, something transitory and unsatisfactory; often used as an adverb

Analysis & Commentary

Therefore remove sorrow from thy heart (וְהָסֵר כַּעַס מִלִּבֶּךָ, vehaser ka'as milibbekha)—'and remove vexation from your heart,' from sur (to turn aside, remove) and ka'as (vexation, anger, grief). And put away evil from thy flesh (וְהַעֲבֵר רָעָה מִבְּשָׂרֶךָ, veha'aver ra'ah mibsarekha)—'and cause evil to pass from your flesh,' using avar (to pass over, remove). For childhood and youth are vanity (כִּי־הַיַּלְדוּת וְהַשַּׁחֲרוּת הָבֶל, ki-hayaldut vehashacharut havel)—'for childhood and the dawn-of-life are vapor,' using yaldut (childhood) and shacharut (youth, from shachar, dawn).

Following Ecclesiastes 11:9's exhortation to rejoice in youth while remembering coming judgment, verse 10 adds urgency: remove ka'as (internal turmoil—anger, worry, grief) and ra'ah (evil, harm) from basar (flesh—physical life). Why? Because yaldut and shacharut—childhood and youth, that precious 'dawn' of life—are havel (vapor, breath, fleeting). The message: youth passes quickly, so don't waste it on anxiety or evil. Paul counseled Timothy similarly: 'Flee youthful passions and pursue righteousness' (2 Timothy 2:22). The Preacher isn't promoting recklessness but mindful enjoyment—remove what harms, embrace what edifies, because this season vanishes. James 4:14 echoes: 'What is your life? You are a mist that appears briefly.'

Historical Context

Ancient life expectancy was lower than today, making youth's brevity even more pronounced. Many didn't survive childhood; those who did faced adulthood's responsibilities quickly. The 'vapor' imagery reflected daily observation of morning mist burning off under sun.

Questions for Reflection