Deuteronomy 9:13

Authorized King James Version

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Furthermore the LORD spake unto me, saying, I have seen this people, and, behold, it is a stiffnecked people:

Original Language Analysis

לֵאמֹ֑ר spake H559
לֵאמֹ֑ר spake
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 13
to say (used with great latitude)
יְהוָ֖ה Furthermore the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֖ה Furthermore the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 2 of 13
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֵלַ֣י H413
אֵלַ֣י
Strong's: H413
Word #: 3 of 13
near, with or among; often in general, to
לֵאמֹ֑ר spake H559
לֵאמֹ֑ר spake
Strong's: H559
Word #: 4 of 13
to say (used with great latitude)
רָאִ֙יתִי֙ I have seen H7200
רָאִ֙יתִי֙ I have seen
Strong's: H7200
Word #: 5 of 13
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 6 of 13
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
עַם people H5971
עַם people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 7 of 13
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
הַזֶּ֔ה H2088
הַזֶּ֔ה
Strong's: H2088
Word #: 8 of 13
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that
וְהִנֵּ֥ה H2009
וְהִנֵּ֥ה
Strong's: H2009
Word #: 9 of 13
lo!
עַם people H5971
עַם people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 10 of 13
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
קְשֵׁה H7186
קְשֵׁה
Strong's: H7186
Word #: 11 of 13
severe (in various applications)
עֹ֖רֶף and behold it is a stiffnecked H6203
עֹ֖רֶף and behold it is a stiffnecked
Strong's: H6203
Word #: 12 of 13
the nape or back of the neck (as declining); hence, the back generally (whether literal or figurative)
הֽוּא׃ H1931
הֽוּא׃
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 13 of 13
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

Analysis & Commentary

Furthermore the LORD spake unto me, saying, I have seen this people, and, behold, it is a stiffnecked people. God's omniscience penetrates the people's external compliance to reveal their internal rebellion - a stiff neck metaphorically represents stubborn unwillingness to submit to authority.

The agricultural metaphor derives from ox training - a stiff-necked ox refuses the yoke, resisting guidance and direction. Israel similarly resists God's governance, refusing to bend their will to His covenant requirements. This stubbornness is not mere ignorance but willful defiance of known truth.

God's statement I have seen this people emphasizes divine observation. Though Moses cannot simultaneously be on the mountain and observe the camp, God sees all. His evaluation of Israel's character comes from comprehensive knowledge of their hearts, not just their outward actions.

Reformed theology recognizes this stiff-necked stubbornness as manifestation of total depravity - humanity's fundamental rebellion against divine authority. Only God's sovereign grace can break human stubbornness and produce a willing, obedient heart.

Historical Context

The stiff-necked characterization would recur throughout Israel's history. Despite witnessing unprecedented miracles in Egypt and at the Red Sea, seeing God's glory on Sinai, and receiving divine provision in the wilderness, Israel repeatedly rebelled against God's leadership.

This pattern demonstrates that external religious privilege does not guarantee internal spiritual transformation.

Questions for Reflection

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