Deuteronomy 8:13
And when thy herds and thy flocks multiply, and thy silver and thy gold is multiplied, and all that thou hast is multiplied;
Original Language Analysis
Historical Context
Israel's multiplication in Canaan would be dramatic: from roughly 2-3 million entering the land to peak population possibly 5-7 million under Solomon. Archaeological evidence shows dramatic increase in settlements during Iron Age I-II. Livestock multiplication is evident in economic texts. Silver and gold accumulation is documented in biblical texts (David's treasury, Solomon's wealth, 1 Kings 10:14-27). This material success made Israel envied by surrounding nations but also created spiritual vulnerability, as predicted here.
Questions for Reflection
- How do you respond spiritually when experiencing increase and multiplication in wealth or success?
- What safeguards prevent material prosperity from creating spiritual pride in your life?
- How can you view multiplication of resources as increased stewardship responsibility rather than personal achievement?
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Analysis & Commentary
The repeated emphasis on multiplication—'herds and flocks multiply... silver and gold is multiplied... all that thou hast is multiplied'—describes comprehensive prosperity. The threefold repetition of 'multiplied' (yirbeh) emphasizes abundance. This isn't hypothetical but describes the expected result of obedience and God's blessing. The verse doesn't condemn wealth but describes a spiritual test: can you experience multiplication without the pride warned against in verse 14? Material increase isn't inherently good or evil; its spiritual effect depends on the heart's response. The next verses show the proper response: remembering God (v. 14), recognizing His provision (v. 16), and rejecting self-credit (v. 17).