Deuteronomy 4:2

Authorized King James Version

Ye shall not add unto the word which I command you, neither shall ye diminish ought from it, that ye may keep the commandments of the LORD your God which I command you.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
לֹ֣א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#2
תֹסִ֗פוּ
Ye shall not add
to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)
#3
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#4
הַדָּבָר֙
unto the word
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
#5
אֲשֶׁ֤ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#6
אָֽנֹכִי֙
i
#7
מְצַוֶּ֥ה
which I command
(intensively) to constitute, enjoin
#8
אֶתְכֶ֔ם
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#9
וְלֹ֥א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#10
תִגְרְע֖וּ
you neither shall ye diminish
to scrape off; by implication, to shave, remove, lessen, withhold
#11
מִמֶּ֑נּוּ
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
#12
לִשְׁמֹ֗ר
ought from it that ye may keep
properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc
#13
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#14
מִצְוֹת֙
the commandments
a command, whether human or divine (collectively, the law)
#15
יְהוָ֣ה
of the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#16
אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם
your God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#17
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#18
אָֽנֹכִ֖י
i
#19
מְצַוֶּ֥ה
which I command
(intensively) to constitute, enjoin
#20
אֶתְכֶֽם׃
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Deuteronomy. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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