Deuteronomy 31:2

Authorized King James Version

And he said unto them, I am an hundred and twenty years old this day; I can no more go out and come in: also the LORD hath said unto me, Thou shalt not go over this Jordan.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אָמַ֣ר
And he said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
אֲלֵהֶ֗ם
near, with or among; often in general, to
#3
בֶּן
old
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#4
מֵאָה֩
unto them I am an hundred
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
#5
וְעֶשְׂרִ֨ים
and twenty
twenty; also (ordinal) twentieth
#6
שָׁנָ֤ה
years
a year (as a revolution of time)
#7
אָֽנֹכִי֙
i
#8
הַיּ֔וֹם
this day
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#9
לֹֽא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#10
אוּכַ֥ל
I can
to be able, literally (can, could) or morally (may, might)
#11
ע֖וֹד
properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more
#12
לָצֵ֣את
no more go out
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
#13
וְלָב֑וֹא
and come in
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#14
וַֽיהוָה֙
also the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#15
אָמַ֣ר
And he said
to say (used with great latitude)
#16
אֵלַ֔י
near, with or among; often in general, to
#17
לֹ֥א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#18
תַֽעֲבֹ֖ר
unto me Thou shalt not go over
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
#19
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#20
הַיַּרְדֵּ֥ן
this Jordan
jarden, the principal river of palestine
#21
הַזֶּֽה׃
the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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