Deuteronomy 12:15

Authorized King James Version

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Notwithstanding thou mayest kill and eat flesh in all thy gates, whatsoever thy soul lusteth after, according to the blessing of the LORD thy God which he hath given thee: the unclean and the clean may eat thereof, as of the roebuck, and as of the hart.

Original Language Analysis

רַק֩ H7535
רַק֩
Strong's: H7535
Word #: 1 of 20
properly, leanness, i.e., (figuratively) limitation; only adverbial, merely, or conjunctional, although
בְּכָל H3605
בְּכָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 2 of 20
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
אַוַּ֨ת lusteth after H185
אַוַּ֨ת lusteth after
Strong's: H185
Word #: 3 of 20
longing
נַפְשְׁךָ֜ whatsoever thy soul H5315
נַפְשְׁךָ֜ whatsoever thy soul
Strong's: H5315
Word #: 4 of 20
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment
תִּזְבַּ֣ח׀ Notwithstanding thou mayest kill H2076
תִּזְבַּ֣ח׀ Notwithstanding thou mayest kill
Strong's: H2076
Word #: 5 of 20
to slaughter an animal (usually in sacrifice)
יֹֽאכְלֶ֔נּוּ and eat H398
יֹֽאכְלֶ֔נּוּ and eat
Strong's: H398
Word #: 6 of 20
to eat (literally or figuratively)
בָשָׂ֗ר flesh H1320
בָשָׂ֗ר flesh
Strong's: H1320
Word #: 7 of 20
flesh (from its freshness); by extension, body, person; also (by euphemistically) the pudenda of a man
כְּבִרְכַּ֨ת according to the blessing H1293
כְּבִרְכַּ֨ת according to the blessing
Strong's: H1293
Word #: 8 of 20
benediction; by implication prosperity
יְהוָ֧ה of the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֧ה of the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 9 of 20
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ thy God H430
אֱלֹהֶ֛יךָ thy God
Strong's: H430
Word #: 10 of 20
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
אֲשֶׁ֥ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 11 of 20
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
נָֽתַן which he hath given H5414
נָֽתַן which he hath given
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 12 of 20
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
לְךָ֖ H0
לְךָ֖
Strong's: H0
Word #: 13 of 20
בְּכָל H3605
בְּכָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 14 of 20
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
שְׁעָרֶ֑יךָ in all thy gates H8179
שְׁעָרֶ֑יךָ in all thy gates
Strong's: H8179
Word #: 15 of 20
an opening, i.e., door or gate
הַטָּמֵ֤א thee the unclean H2931
הַטָּמֵ֤א thee the unclean
Strong's: H2931
Word #: 16 of 20
foul in a religious sense
וְהַטָּהוֹר֙ and the clean H2889
וְהַטָּהוֹר֙ and the clean
Strong's: H2889
Word #: 17 of 20
pure (in a physical, chemical, ceremonial or moral sense)
יֹֽאכְלֶ֔נּוּ and eat H398
יֹֽאכְלֶ֔נּוּ and eat
Strong's: H398
Word #: 18 of 20
to eat (literally or figuratively)
כַּצְּבִ֖י thereof as of the roebuck H6643
כַּצְּבִ֖י thereof as of the roebuck
Strong's: H6643
Word #: 19 of 20
a gazelle (as beautiful)
וְכָֽאַיָּֽל׃ and as of the hart H354
וְכָֽאַיָּֽל׃ and as of the hart
Strong's: H354
Word #: 20 of 20
a stag or male deer

Analysis & Commentary

A critical distinction: 'Notwithstanding thou mayest kill and eat flesh in all thy gates, whatsoever thy soul lusteth after, according to the blessing of the LORD thy God which he hath given thee: the unclean and the clean may eat thereof, as of the roebuck, and as of the hart.' This distinguishes sacrificial slaughter (only at central sanctuary) from ordinary slaughter for food (anywhere). Before centralization, all meat consumption involved sacrifice (Leviticus 17:3-7). Now, with distant sanctuary, regular meat-eating is permitted locally. The phrase 'unclean and the clean' means ritually clean/unclean persons, not animals—both may eat non-sacrificial meat. This prevents worship centralization from eliminating meat consumption for distant tribes.

Historical Context

This represents significant legal development from Levitical law. Leviticus 17:3-7 required all slaughter at Tabernacle to prevent offerings to 'demons' (שְׂעִירִים, se'irim, literally 'goat-demons'). Deuteronomy's centralization made this impractical—distant Israelites couldn't travel to Jerusalem for every meal. Thus, non-sacrificial slaughter becomes permissible. This demonstrates law's contextual application: principles remain, but application adapts to circumstances. The distinction between common and sacred remains critical.

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