Daniel 2:18

Authorized King James Version

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That they would desire mercies of the God of heaven concerning this secret; that Daniel and his fellows should not perish with the rest of the wise men of Babylon.

Original Language Analysis

וְרַחֲמִ֗ין mercies H7359
וְרַחֲמִ֗ין mercies
Strong's: H7359
Word #: 1 of 18
(plural) pity
לְמִבְעֵא֙ That they would desire H1156
לְמִבְעֵא֙ That they would desire
Strong's: H1156
Word #: 2 of 18
to seek or ask
מִן of H4481
מִן of
Strong's: H4481
Word #: 3 of 18
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of
קֳדָם֙ H6925
קֳדָם֙
Strong's: H6925
Word #: 4 of 18
before
אֱלָ֣הּ the God H426
אֱלָ֣הּ the God
Strong's: H426
Word #: 5 of 18
god
שְׁמַיָּ֔א of heaven H8065
שְׁמַיָּ֔א of heaven
Strong's: H8065
Word #: 6 of 18
the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r
עַל concerning H5922
עַל concerning
Strong's: H5922
Word #: 7 of 18
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
רָזָ֖א secret H7328
רָזָ֖א secret
Strong's: H7328
Word #: 8 of 18
to attenuate, i.e., (figuratively) hide; a mystery
דְּנָ֑ה this H1836
דְּנָ֑ה this
Strong's: H1836
Word #: 9 of 18
this
דִּ֣י H1768
דִּ֣י
Strong's: H1768
Word #: 10 of 18
that, used as relative conjunction, and especially (with a preposition) in adverbial phrases; also as preposition of
לָ֤א should not H3809
לָ֤א should not
Strong's: H3809
Word #: 11 of 18
no, not
יְהֽוֹבְדוּן֙ perish H7
יְהֽוֹבְדוּן֙ perish
Strong's: H7
Word #: 12 of 18
to perish
דָּנִיֵּ֣אל that Daniel H1841
דָּנִיֵּ֣אל that Daniel
Strong's: H1841
Word #: 13 of 18
danijel, the hebrew prophet
וְחַבְר֔וֹהִי and his fellows H2269
וְחַבְר֔וֹהִי and his fellows
Strong's: H2269
Word #: 14 of 18
an associate
עִם with H5974
עִם with
Strong's: H5974
Word #: 15 of 18
adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then
שְׁאָ֖ר the rest H7606
שְׁאָ֖ר the rest
Strong's: H7606
Word #: 16 of 18
a remainder
חַכִּימֵ֥י of the wise H2445
חַכִּימֵ֥י of the wise
Strong's: H2445
Word #: 17 of 18
wise, i.e., a magian
בָבֶֽל׃ men of Babylon H895
בָבֶֽל׃ men of Babylon
Strong's: H895
Word #: 18 of 18
babel (i.e., babylon), including babylonia and the babylonian empire

Cross References

Jeremiah 33:3Call unto me, and I will answer thee, and shew thee great and mighty things, which thou knowest not.Matthew 18:19Again I say unto you, That if two of you shall agree on earth as touching any thing that they shall ask, it shall be done for them of my Father which is in heaven.Psalms 50:15And call upon me in the day of trouble: I will deliver thee, and thou shalt glorify me.Psalms 91:15He shall call upon me, and I will answer him: I will be with him in trouble; I will deliver him, and honour him.Matthew 18:12How think ye? if a man have an hundred sheep, and one of them be gone astray, doth he not leave the ninety and nine, and goeth into the mountains, and seeketh that which is gone astray?Isaiah 37:4It may be the LORD thy God will hear the words of Rabshakeh, whom the king of Assyria his master hath sent to reproach the living God, and will reprove the words which the LORD thy God hath heard: wherefore lift up thy prayer for the remnant that is left.Genesis 18:28Peradventure there shall lack five of the fifty righteous: wilt thou destroy all the city for lack of five? And he said, If I find there forty and five, I will not destroy it.Malachi 3:18Then shall ye return, and discern between the righteous and the wicked, between him that serveth God and him that serveth him not.1 Samuel 17:37David said moreover, The LORD that delivered me out of the paw of the lion, and out of the paw of the bear, he will deliver me out of the hand of this Philistine. And Saul said unto David, Go, and the LORD be with thee.

Analysis & Commentary

This verse reveals Daniel's response to King Nebuchadnezzar's impossible demand—interpret a dream without being told its content. The Aramaic rachamim (רַחֲמִין, "mercies") appears in plural form, emphasizing abundant compassion and tender mercy from "the God of heaven" (Elah shemaya), a title emphasizing God's sovereignty over earthly kingdoms.

"Desire mercies" translates l'ba'ah rachamim, meaning to seek or request compassionately. Daniel's immediate response to crisis was prayer, specifically corporate prayer with Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah (Shadrach, Meshach, Abednego). This demonstrates the power and importance of united prayer (Matthew 18:19-20). Daniel didn't rely on his own wisdom or spiritual gifts but wholly depended on God's revelation.

"This secret" (raza, רָזָא) refers to the mystery God alone could reveal. The term later appears in apocalyptic literature for divine mysteries requiring supernatural disclosure. Theologically, this verse teaches:

  1. believers should respond to crises with prayer, not panic
  2. corporate prayer strengthens faith
  3. God reveals what humans cannot discover
  4. God's mercy extends even to those in pagan kingdoms.

This points to Christ, the ultimate revelation of God's mysteries (Colossians 2:2-3), and the gospel revealed to all nations.

Historical Context

This event occurred early in Nebuchadnezzar's reign (approximately 603-602 BC), shortly after Daniel and his friends were taken captive to Babylon in 605 BC. Nebuchadnezzar had recently defeated Egypt at Carchemish, establishing Babylonian dominance over the ancient Near East. Daniel and his companions were among the Jewish nobility selected for three years of training in Babylonian language, literature, and wisdom to serve in the king's court.

Babylonian culture highly valued dream interpretation, consulting professional dream interpreters, astrologers, and magicians. Ancient texts reveal that Babylonian wise men kept extensive dream catalogs with standardized interpretations. However, Nebuchadnezzar's demand to tell both dream and interpretation without hearing the dream first was unprecedented and impossible by human means—exposing the impotence of pagan wisdom.

Questions for Reflection

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