Colossians 1:21

Authorized King James Version

And you, that were sometime alienated and enemies in your mind by wicked works, yet now hath he reconciled

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
ὑμᾶς
you
you (as the objective of a verb or preposition)
#3
ποτε
sometime
indefinite adverb, at some time, ever
#4
ὄντας
that were
being
#5
ἀπηλλοτριωμένους
alienated
to estrange away, i.e., (passively and figuratively) to be non-participant
#6
καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#7
ἐχθροὺς
enemies
hateful (passively, odious, or actively, hostile); usually as a noun, an adversary (especially satan)
#8
τῇ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#9
διανοίᾳ
in your mind
deep thought, properly, the faculty (mind or its disposition), by implication, its exercise
#10
ἐν
by
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#11
τοῖς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
ἔργοις
works
toil (as an effort or occupation); by implication, an act
#13
τοῖς
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#14
πονηροῖς
wicked
hurtful, i.e., evil (properly, in effect or influence, and thus differing from g2556, which refers rather to essential character, as well as from g455
#15
νυνί
now
just now
#16
δέ
yet
but, and, etc
#17
ἀποκατήλλαξεν
hath he reconciled
to reconcile fully

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Colossians. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection