Acts 9:5

Authorized King James Version

And he said, Who art thou, Lord? And the Lord said, I am Jesus whom thou persecutest: it is hard for thee to kick against the pricks.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
εἶπεν,
he said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#2
δέ
And
but, and, etc
#3
Τίς
Who
an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)
#4
εἶ
art thou
thou art
#5
Κύριος
Lord
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
#6
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#7
δέ
And
but, and, etc
#8
Κύριος
Lord
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
#9
εἶπεν,
he said
to speak or say (by word or writing)
#10
Ἐγώ
I
i, me
#11
εἰμι
am
i exist (used only when emphatic)
#12
Ἰησοῦς
Jesus
jesus (i.e., jehoshua), the name of our lord and two (three) other israelites
#13
ὃν
whom
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
#14
σὺ
thou
thou
#15
διώκεις·
persecutest
compare the base of g1169 and g1249); to pursue (literally or figuratively); by implication, to persecute
#16
σκληρόν
it is hard
dry, i.e., hard or tough (figuratively, harsh, severe)
#17
σοι
for thee
to thee
#18
πρὸς
against
a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,
#19
κέντρα
the pricks
a point ("center"), i.e., a sting (figuratively, poison) or goad (figuratively, divine impulse)
#20
λακτίζειν
to kick
to recalcitrate

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Acts. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People