2 Samuel 4:9

Authorized King James Version

PDF

And David answered Rechab and Baanah his brother, the sons of Rimmon the Beerothite, and said unto them, As the LORD liveth, who hath redeemed my soul out of all adversity,

Original Language Analysis

וַיַּ֨עַן answered H6030
וַיַּ֨עַן answered
Strong's: H6030
Word #: 1 of 20
properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e., pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout,
דָּוִ֜ד And David H1732
דָּוִ֜ד And David
Strong's: H1732
Word #: 2 of 20
david, the youngest son of jesse
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 3 of 20
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
רֵכָ֣ב׀ Rechab H7394
רֵכָ֣ב׀ Rechab
Strong's: H7394
Word #: 4 of 20
rekab, the name of two arabs and of two israelites
וְאֶת H853
וְאֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 5 of 20
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
בַּֽעֲנָ֣ה and Baanah H1196
בַּֽעֲנָ֣ה and Baanah
Strong's: H1196
Word #: 6 of 20
baanah, the name of four israelites
אָחִ֗יו his brother H251
אָחִ֗יו his brother
Strong's: H251
Word #: 7 of 20
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])
בְּנֵ֛י the sons H1121
בְּנֵ֛י the sons
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 8 of 20
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
רִמּ֥וֹן of Rimmon H7417
רִמּ֥וֹן of Rimmon
Strong's: H7417
Word #: 9 of 20
rimmon, the name of five places in palestine
הַבְּאֵֽרֹתִ֖י the Beerothite H886
הַבְּאֵֽרֹתִ֖י the Beerothite
Strong's: H886
Word #: 10 of 20
a beerothite or inhabitant of beeroth
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר and said H559
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר and said
Strong's: H559
Word #: 11 of 20
to say (used with great latitude)
לָהֶ֑ם H0
לָהֶ֑ם
Strong's: H0
Word #: 12 of 20
חַי liveth H2416
חַי liveth
Strong's: H2416
Word #: 13 of 20
alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or livin
יְהוָ֕ה unto them As the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֕ה unto them As the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 14 of 20
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֲשֶׁר H834
אֲשֶׁר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 15 of 20
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
פָּדָ֥ה who hath redeemed H6299
פָּדָ֥ה who hath redeemed
Strong's: H6299
Word #: 16 of 20
to sever, i.e., ransom; generally to release, preserve
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 17 of 20
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
נַפְשִׁ֖י my soul H5315
נַפְשִׁ֖י my soul
Strong's: H5315
Word #: 18 of 20
properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment
מִכָּל H3605
מִכָּל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 19 of 20
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
צָרָֽה׃ out of all adversity H6869
צָרָֽה׃ out of all adversity
Strong's: H6869
Word #: 20 of 20
transitively, a female rival

Analysis & Commentary

And David answered Rechab and Baanah his brother, the sons of Rimmon the Beerothite, and said unto them, As the LORD liveth, who hath redeemed my soul out of all adversity,

This verse contributes to the narrative of Ish-bosheth Murdered, emphasizing righteous vs unrighteous means. The assassination of Ish-bosheth and David's execution of the murderers demonstrates crucial distinctions between godly and ungodly means. While the result (removing Saul's dynasty) aligned with God's purposes, the method (treacherous murder) violated divine standards. Hebrew concepts of justice (mishpat, מִשְׁפָּט) and righteousness (tsedeq, צֶדֶק) permeate David's response.

Historical Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 4 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding righteous vs unrighteous means provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People

Study Resources